Al_(2)O_(3)/SiO_(2)/ZrO_(2)三元复合气凝胶材料的制备及性能研究  

Preparation and properties of Al_(2)O_(3)/SiO_(2)/ZrO_(2)ternary composite aerogel materials

作　　者：徐长伟[1] 杨鑫[1,2] 张忠伦 王明铭 Xu Changwei;Yang Xin;Zhang Zhonglun;Wang Mingming(Shenyang Jianzhu University,Shenyang 110168;CNBM Technology Innovation Academy(shandong)Co.,Ltd.,Zaozhuang 277100;China Building Materials Academy Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100024)

机构地区：[1]沈阳建筑大学,沈阳110168 [2]中建材科创新技术研究院(山东)有限公司,枣庄277100 [3]中国建筑材料科学研究总院有限公司,北京100024

出　　处：《化工新型材料》2024年第10期101-107,共7页New Chemical Materials

基　　金：山东省“十四五”重点研发计划项目(2021SFGC0903)。

摘　　要：以六水合氯化铝(AlCl_(3)·6H_(2)O)、正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)和八水合氧氯化锆(ZrOCl_(2)·8H_(2)O)为混合前驱体,以环氧丙烷(PO)作为凝胶网络诱导剂,乙醇和水作为溶剂,采用溶胶-凝胶工艺和二氧化碳超临界干燥技术制备出了Al_(2)O_(3)-SiO_(2)-ZrO_(2)三元复合气凝胶。研究了不同PO添加量、醇水体积比和Al/Si/Zr摩尔比对其性能和结构的影响,采用扫描电镜、比表面积分析仪和多功能粉体物理特性测试仪对气凝胶的凝胶形态、微观形貌及孔结构进行表征。结果表明:当PO添加量为88mL,醇水体积比为8∶9,Al/Si/Zr摩尔比为12∶3∶1和12∶4∶1时制备出的气凝胶结构性能良好,且凝胶时间在较合适的范围内,具有较低的密度为0.125g/cm^(3)和0.143g/cm^(3),较高的比表面积为683.14m^(2)/g和684.56m^(2)/g。Al_(2)O_(3)-SiO_(2)-ZrO_(2)ternary composite aerogels were prepared by sol-gel process and carbon dioxide supercritical drying technology using aluminum chloride hexahydrate(AlCl_(3)·6H_(2)O),ethyl orthosilicate(TEOS),and zirconium oxychloride octahydrate(ZrOCl_(2)·8H_(2)O)as the mixed precursors,propylene oxide(PO)as the inducer of the gel network,and ethanol and water as the solvents.The effects of different PO additions,alcohol/water volume ratios and Al/Si/Zr molar ratios on the properties and structures of the aerogels were investigated.The gel morphology,microscopic morphology and pore structure of the aerogels were characterized by SEM,surface area analyzer and multi-functional powder physical property tester.The results showed that when the PO addition was 88mL,the alcohol-water volume ratio was 8∶9,and the Al/Si/Zr molar ratios were 12∶3∶1 and 12∶4∶1,the prepared aerogels had good structural properties,and the gelation time was in a more suitable range,with lower densities of 0.125g/cm^(3)and 0.143g/cm^(3),and higher specific surface areas of 683.14m^(2)/g and 684.56m^(2)/g.

关 键 词：硅铝锆复合气凝胶 凝胶时间 微观形貌 孔结构 

分 类 号：TQ152[化学工程—电化学工业] TM53[电气工程—电器]