鲜食玉米地放养对籽鹅生产性能和盲肠菌群的影响  

Effects of Fresh Corn Field Stocking on Production Performance and Cecal Microflora of Zi Goose

作　　者：杨家圆 马驰 陈贝妮 周亮 侯佳妮 刘靓 刘春杰 牛淑玲 孙学奇 张永宏[4] YANG Jiayuan;MA Chi;CHEN Beini;ZHOU Liang;HOU Jiani;LIU Jing;LIU Chunjie;NIU Shuling;SUN Xueqi;ZHANG Yonghong(College of Animal Science and Technology,Jilin Agricultural University,Changchun,Jilin 130118;Changchun Sci-Tech University,Changchun,Jilin 130022;Institute of Animal Nutrition and Feed,Jilin Academy of Agricultural Science,Changchun,Jilin 130119;College of Animal Science,Jilin University,Changchun,Jilin 130106)

机构地区：[1]吉林农业大学动物科学技术学院,吉林长春130118 [2]长春科技学院,吉林长春130022 [3]吉林省农业科学院动物营养与饲料研究所,吉林长春130119 [4]吉林大学动物科学学院,吉林长春130106

出　　处：《中国家禽》2024年第10期50-55,共6页China Poultry

基　　金：吉林省科技发展计划项目(20210101362JC)。

摘　　要：为探究鲜食玉米地放养对籽鹅生产性能和盲肠菌群的影响,试验选取256只42日龄体重相近(1.44±0.29) kg的健康母籽鹅,随机分为舍饲对照组和放养试验组,每组4个重复,每个重复32只。对照组棚下舍饲,饲喂基础日粮自由采食;试验组在基础日粮限制10%的情况下鲜食玉米地放养。试验期49 d。结果显示:与对照组相比,试验组籽鹅末重、平均日增重分别极显著提高11.43%和19.99%(P<0.01),平均日采食量、料重比分别极显著降低9.99%和23.06%(P<0.01)。同时试验组籽鹅屠体重、半净膛重分别极显著提高14.57%和16.67%(P<0.01),全净膛重、胸肌重、腿肌重和腹脂重分别显著提高14.97%、5.71%、2.85%和33.33%(P<0.05)。试验组籽鹅回肠绒毛高度和绒隐比分别极显著提高22.47%和54.59%(P<0.01),隐窝深度极显著下降9.60%(P<0.01)。试验组籽鹅盲肠菌群中柔壁菌门丰度显著上调89.79%(P<0.05);瘤胃球菌属、普雷沃氏菌属丰度分别极显著上调123.60%和88.42%(P<0.01);互养菌门丰度显著下调50.63%(P<0.05)。综上所述,鲜食玉米地放养可以改善籽鹅肠道形态、调节盲肠菌群,并对籽鹅生长发育起到促进作用。To investigate the effects of fresh corn field stocking on production performance and cecal microbiota of Zi goose,Two hundred and fifty-six healthy female Zi geese with similar body weight at 42 days of age were selected for the experiment and randomly divided into housed control group and free-ranging experimental group,with 4 replicates in each group and 32 Zi geese in each replicate.The control group was housed under the shed and fed the basal diet ad libitum,while the experimental group was stocked on a fresh corn field under a 10%basal diet restriction.The experimental period was 49 days.The results indicated that compared with the control group,the end weight and average daily weight gain of Zi geese in the experimental group were highly significantly increased by 11.43%and 19.99%(P<0.01),and the average daily feed intake and feed-to-weight ratio were highly significantly decreased by 9.99%and 23.06%(P<0.01),respectively.At the same time,the slaughter weight and semieviscerated weight of Zi geese in the experimental group were highly significant increased by 14.57%and 16.67%(P<0.01),while the total net bore weight,pectoral muscle weight,leg muscle weight,and abdominal fat weight were significantly increased by 14.97%,5.71%,2.85%,and 33.33%(P<0.05),respectively.Velvet height and villus height/crypt depth of Zi geese ileum in the experimental group were highly significantly increased by 22.47%and 54.59%,respectively(P<0.01),and crypt depth was highly significantly decreased by 9.60%(P<0.01).The abundance of Tennericutes in the cecal microbiota of experimental group was significantly up-regulated by 89.79%(P<0.05);The abundance of Ruminococcus and Prevotella was extremely significantly up-regulated by 123.60%and 88.42%,respectively(P<0.01);The abundance of Synergistetes was significantly down-regulated by 50.63%(P<0.05).To sum up,stocking in fresh corn fields could improve the intestinal morphology of Zi goose,regulate the cecal microbiota,and promote their growth and development.

关 键 词：鲜食玉米 籽鹅 生产性能 盲肠菌群 

分 类 号：S835.5[农业科学—畜牧学]