基于畜禽育种领域国家级科技奖励分析我国畜禽育种科技发展现状  

Analysis on the Development Status of Livestock and Poultry Breeding Technology in China Based on the National Science and Technology Award in the Field of Livestock and Poultry Breeding

作　　者：刘艳阳 张扬 LIU Yanyang;ZHANG Yang(Yangzhou University,Yangzhou,Jiangsu 225009)

机构地区：[1]扬州大学,江苏扬州225009

出　　处：《中国家禽》2024年第10期190-196,共7页China Poultry

基　　金：江苏省种业振兴“揭榜挂帅”项目(JBGS[2021]-023)。

摘　　要：为掌握我国畜禽育种研究现状和科技发展方向,研究分析了2000—2020年我国畜禽种业领域国家级科技奖励的获奖项目内容、获奖项目第一完成人以及获奖项目研究机构的情况。结果显示,各主要畜禽种业获奖项目均衡发展,获奖类型均为国家科技进步奖二等奖或技术发明奖二等奖,第一完成人获奖时平均年龄54.6岁。农业高校、国家级科研机构和地方农业科研机构是我国种业创新的主要组成部分,而华北、华东和华中地区成为种业成果产生的集聚地。从国家级科技奖励内容来看,获取了一批畜禽重要经济性状的主效基因,并培育出一批符合市场需求的优异新品种,显著推动畜牧产业的发展,引领畜禽种业的科技进步。同时,基于国家级科技奖励提出未来畜禽种业科技发展的建议:包括加大畜禽重要性状遗传解析和分子机理的基础研究、培育一批高产高效的重大新品种、建立完善的商业化育种体系以及制定更多激励和支持青年人进行种业创新的政策。In order to grasp the research status and scientific and technological development direction of livestock and poultry breeding in China,the content of national science and technology award-winning projects,the first completer of award-winning projects and the research institutions of award-winning projects in the field of livestock and poultry breeding in China from 2000 to 2020 were studied and analyzed.The results showed that the awarded projects in major livestock and poultry sectors exhibited balanced development,with the awards mainly being the second prize of the National Science and Technology Progress Award or the second prize of the Technology Invention Award.The average age of the first prize winners was 54.6 years old.Agricultural universities,national-level research institutions,and local agricultural research institutions played a major role in agricultural innovation,while the North China,East China,and Central China regions have become the gathering places for achievements in the breeding industry.These national-level scientific and technological awards led to the identification of main-effect genes related to important economic traits in livestock and poultry,as well as the cultivation of outstanding new varieties that met market demands,which had significantly promoted the development of the livestock industry and spearheaded technological advancements in the breeding industry.Based on these national-level scientific and technological awards,the suggestions for the development of the livestock breeding industry include increasing the research on genetic analysis and molecular mechanisms of important traits in livestock and poultry,breeding high-yielding and efficient new varieties,establishing a comprehensive commercial breeding system and formulating policies that incentivize and support young individuals in agricultural innovation were put forward.

关 键 词：畜禽 育种 科技奖励 种业 

分 类 号：S831.2[农业科学—畜牧学]