某催化裂化装置催化剂破碎跑损诊断分析  

Diagnosis and analysis of catalyst loss caused by crushing in FCCU

作　　者：姬勇 刘俊平 李鹏[1] 韩胜显 杨琦 彭威 Ji Yong;Liu Junping;Li Peng;Han Shengxian;Yang Qi;Peng Wei(PetroChina Urumqi Petrochemical Company,Urumqi,Xinjiang 830019;PetroChina Karamay Petrochemical Company,Karamay,Xinjiang 834003;China University of Petroleum-Beijing at Karamay,Karamay,Xinjiang 834000)

机构地区：[1]中石油乌鲁木齐石化公司,新疆乌鲁木齐830019 [2]中石油克拉玛依石化公司,新疆克拉玛依834003 [3]中国石油大学(北京)克拉玛依校区,新疆克拉玛依834000

出　　处：《炼油技术与工程》2024年第8期56-59,64,共5页Petroleum Refinery Engineering

基　　金：克拉玛依市-创新人才专项(XQZX20230064,XQZX20230079);中国石油大学(北京)克拉玛依校区基金引进人才项目(XQZX20230020)。

摘　　要：某1.0 Mt/a催化裂化装置正常运行中突然出现催化剂跑损(跑剂)故障,且无减小趋势,过程中工艺操作参数无异常,外排烟气颗粒物浓度和油浆固含量超标。通过分析系统内催化剂的粒度分布、APS(平均粒径)、形貌等变化,发现催化剂发生了严重的破碎,产生了大量细粉。核算发现,该装置主风分布器喷嘴和进料喷嘴气速均未发生变化,汽提蒸汽管的压力降发生了较大的变化,蒸汽喷出线速度远超设计值,达到75 m/s以上,故推测催化剂跑损原因为汽提蒸汽管断裂导致的催化剂冲击破碎和热崩破碎。采取降低装置加工负荷、减少两器通入蒸汽量、加大平衡剂置换量等措施,在满足装置不停工的前提下有效地降低了催化剂跑损量。During normal operation of a 1.0 MM TPY catalytic cracking unit,a sudden catalyst loss fault occurred.The fault occurred suddenly without a decreasing trend.During the malfunction,there were no abnormalities in the process operation parameters,and the concentration of particulate matter in the discharged flue gas and the solid content of the oil slurry exceeded the standard.By analyzing the particle size distribu-tion,APS(average particle size),and morphology of the catalyst,it was determined that the catalyst had undergone severe crushing,producing a large amount of fine powder.It was found that the gas velocity of the main air distributor nozzle and feed nozzle of the unit did not change,but the pressure drop of the stripping steam pipe changed significantly.The steam ejection velocity far exceeded the design value by more than 75 m/s.It is speculated that the reason for catalyst loss is the catalyst impact grinding and thermal collapse caused by the rupture of the stripping steam pipe.Measures such as reducing the processing load of the unit,reducing the amount of steam entering the two equipments,and increasing the amount of equilibrium catalyst replacement were taken to effectively reduce catalyst loss while ensuring that the unit does not stop working.

关 键 词：催化裂化装置 催化剂 跑损 冲击破碎 热崩 颗粒直径 粒度分布 

分 类 号：TE96[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备]