再论词尾“了_(1)”的动相补语用法  

A reanalysis of the phase complement le_(1) in Mandarin

作　　者：范晓蕾[1] FAN Xiaolei

机构地区：[1]北京大学中国语言学研究中心

出　　处：《世界汉语教学》2024年第4期463-477,共15页Chinese Teaching in the World

基　　金：北京市社科基金青年学术带头人项目“现代汉语的预期范畴”(编号:21DTR036)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：普通话的词尾“了_(1)”除作助词外还有作动相补语的用法,以往研究鉴定“了_(1动相)”提过多种标准。本文主张,其核心标准是“了_(1动相)”用于未然谓语(相对将来义或无时制义的谓语),因为该词区别于“了_(1助词)”的语义特点是它未编码相对非将来时,这样界定出的“了_(1动相)”是一个语法异质词。It is widely recognized that the verbal le in Mandarin can function as a phase complement as well as a particle.The article argues that the central criterion for i-dentifying the complement le is that this kind of le must occur in irrealis predicates which express relative-future or tenseless events,because thus used le does not encode the rela-tive non-future as the particle le does.Thus,the complement le is a grammatically heter-ogeneous word.

关 键 词：“了_(1)” 动相补语 相对非将来 未然 语法异质 

分 类 号：H146[语言文字—汉语]