太子参根腐病病原菌及其生防菌的筛选及鉴定  

Screening and Identification of Pathogen Causing Root Rot in Pseudostellaria heterophylla and Selection of Biocontrol Agents

作　　者：陈启丹 肖大淞 舒慧琳 申火云 李玺洋 李自龙 CHEN Qidan;XIAO Dasong;SHU Huilin;SHEN Huoyun;LI Xiyang;LI Zilong(Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Guiyang 550025,Guizhou,China;Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Nantong University,Nantong 226001,Jiangsu,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州中医药大学,贵州贵阳550025 [2]南通大学神经再生重点实验室,江苏南通226001

出　　处：《贵州中医药大学学报》2024年第5期39-46,共8页Journal of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine

基　　金：贵州省教育厅项目(黔教合KY字[2021]197号);贵州中医药大学大学生创新创业项目[贵中医大创合字2021(94)]。

摘　　要：目的 太子参为重要中药材,但易受根腐病影响,严重损害产量和质量。本研究旨在筛选太子参根腐病病原菌及其生防菌,为其生物防治提供理论依据。方法 从患根腐病的太子参根部分离纯化病原菌,通过科赫法则验证病原菌的致病性;同时取健康太子参的根际土,采用平板对峙法筛选出拮抗菌,并对其进行种类鉴定。结果 从太子参病变根部分离获得并确定尖孢镰刀菌(Fusarium oxysporum)为太子参根腐病的致病菌,同时发现尖孢镰刀菌组通过表皮或根部的伤口入侵速度比气孔侵入更快;筛选出1株对Fusarium oxysporum具有生防效果的菌株,进一步经分子鉴定确认为苏云金芽孢杆菌(Bacillus thuringiensis)。结论 本研究成功筛选出太子参根腐病病原菌及其拮抗菌,为后期大规模生产奠定了基础。Objective As an important Chinese medicinal herb,P.heterophylla is susceptible to root rot disease,causing significant damage to its yield and quality.This study aims to screen biocontrol agents for the root rot disease in P.heterophyllag,in order to provide a theoretical basis for future biological control methods.Methods The pathogenic fungi were isolated and purified from the diseased roots by using Koch's postulates to verify the pathogenicity.Simultaneously,rhizosphere soil from healthy P.heterophyllag was used to screen for antagonistic bacteria by using the plate confrontation method,and their species were identified.Results Fusar-ium oxysporum was isolated and identified as the pathogenic fungus causing root rot of P.heterophyllag.It was observed that Fusarium oxysporum invaded through wounds on the epidermis or root surfaces more rapidly than through stomatal invasion.Additionally,one strain exhibiting biocontrol efficacy against Fusarium oxysporum was isolated,further identified through molecular techniques as B.thuringiensis.Conclusion In this study,the pathogen of root rot of Radix pseudostellariae and its antagonistic bacteria were successfully screened,which laid a foundation for large-scale production in the later stage.

关 键 词：太子参 根腐病 拮抗菌 苏云金芽孢杆菌 尖孢镰刀菌 

分 类 号：R282[医药卫生—中药学] S476[医药卫生—中医学]