民事与行政交织:单方解除招商引资协议的司法审查  

Interweaving of Civil and Administration Law:Judicial Review of Unilateral Termination of Investment Promotion Agreement

作　　者：张效科 ZHANG Xiao-ke(School of Law,Central University of Finance and Economics,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]中央财经大学法学院,北京100081

出　　处：《太原学院学报（社会科学版）》2024年第6期32-47,共16页Journal of Taiyuan University(Social Science Edition)

摘　　要：地方政府单方解除招商引资协议需基于正当缘由,否则将有损相对人利益,破坏法治化营商环境。招商引资协议的公私法融合特性更为明显,这要求法院对此类协议的解除纠纷,应从民事解除权和行政优益权两个层面展开审查。为了保护相对人正当的程序利益,地方政府行使解除行为应当履行信息告知、说明理由及听取当事人意见的义务。在审查路径上,应当选择有利于维护相对人合法权益的程序,并通过引入信赖利益保护,调和民事诉讼与行政诉讼的差异。基于合法性审查,法院可能作出确认(判决)解除、判决撤销、确认违法的结果,对此应当根据行为违法程度确定对应的解除效力。在损害结果上,当解除行为对协议相对人利益包括期待利益造成损失的,应当予以补偿。当行为违法时,违约责任与行政赔偿可能产生竞合,此时应当在维护公共利益的基础上,采取有利于保护相对人利益的方案,在正当范围内进行充分赔偿。Governments could only unilaterally terminate investment promotion agreements based on legitimate reasons,otherwise it will damage the interests of the other parties and the law-based business environment.The integration of public and private law in the agreements is obvious,which requires the court to review disputes over the termination of such agreements from two levels:civil termination rights and administrative preferential rights.In order to protect the legitimate procedural interests of the other parties,local governments should perform the obligations of informing,explaining reasons,and listening to their opinions when exercising the termination behavior.As for the review path,the court should choose the procedure that is conducive to protecting their legitimate rights and interests,and reconcile the differences between civil litigation and administrative litigation by introducing the protection of reliance interests.Based on the legitimacy review,the court may make a confirmation(judgment)of dissolution,a judgment of revocation,and a confirmation of illegality,and the corresponding dissolution effect should be determined according to the degree of illegal behavior.When the dissolution behavior causes losses to the interests(including expected interests)of the other parties,compensation should be provided.When the behavior is illegal,breach of contract liability and administrative compensation may overlap,and in this case,a scheme conducive to protecting the interests of the parties should be adopted,and full compensation should be made within the scope of legitimacy.

关 键 词：行政协议 招商引资 解除权 行政优益权 正当程序 信赖利益 

分 类 号：D922.1[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学]