松材线虫病潜伏侵染规律初探  

Preliminary study on the latent infection characteristics of pine wilt disease

作　　者：王子铜 叶碧欢 史肖肖 李海波[2] 宋其岩[2] 张利 何建社 陈友吾[2] Wang Zitong;Ye Bihuan;Shi Xiaoxiao;Li Haibo;Song Qiyan;Zhang Li;He Jianshe;Chen Youwu(College of Forestry and Biotechnology,Zhejiang Agriculture&Forest University,Hangzhou 311300,China;Forest Protection Institute,Zhejiang Academy of Forestry;Aba Prefecture Forestry and Science and Technology Research Institute)

机构地区：[1]浙江农林大学林业与生物技术学院,浙江杭州311300 [2]浙江省林业科学研究院森林保护所 [3]四川省阿坝州林业和草原科学技术研究所

出　　处：《植物检疫》2024年第5期7-13,共7页Plant Quarantine

基　　金：省属科研院所扶持专项(2024F1065-1);四川省科技计划重点研发项目(2023YFN0029)。

摘　　要：为探究松材线虫病潜伏侵染特性,以浙江省遂昌县不同发生年份疫区的马尾松为研究对象,分别于2022年11月和2023年11月,对8个小班的407棵马尾松进行连续2年调查取样,线虫分子检测结果表明,野外调查生长正常的马尾松有26.15%和28.57%的植株分子检测呈阳性,这些松树在外观上无法与健康松树区分,但具潜伏侵染特性。潜伏侵染松树的空间分布特点分析,结果显示潜伏侵染松树在空间上呈随机分布,且新增感染松树往往紧邻原先的潜伏侵染松树,表明潜伏侵染松树具有传染性。连续2年调查时间内分别有4.73%和4.05%的健康马尾松转变为潜伏马尾松和感病马尾松,表明不是所有感病松树都要经过潜伏侵染阶段。2022年的103株潜伏侵染松树中仅有14.56%在2023年转变为感病松树,其余仍然不表现明显症状,表明潜伏侵染松树的潜伏时间长短存在个体差异。本研究结果表明松材线虫病潜伏侵染现象在林分中广泛存在,仅靠肉眼无法准确识别,若不及时加以识别和管控,会成为松材线虫病再次暴发的传播源。In order to explore the latent infection characteristics of pine wilt disease caused by pine wood nematode(PWN)Bursaphelenchus xylophilus,the survery of Pinus massoniana trees in the epidemic areas of Suichang County,Zhejiang Province were carried out in November 2022 and November 2023,respectively.A total of 407 P.massoniana in 8 sub-compartment were sampled during two years sampling,and the molecular detection of PWN results revealed that among the trees identified as normal ones in the field survey,26.15%and 28.57%were found to be infected with PWN,respectively.These pines were indistinguishable from healthy trees in appearance,but have latent infestation characteristics.The spatial distribution of the latent infection pine trees was analyzed,and the result showed that the spatial distribution of latent infection pine trees was random,and newly infected pine trees were often adjacent to the original latent infected pine trees,indicated that the latent infected pine trees were infectious.During the two years of continuous investigation,4.73%and 4.05%of healthy P.massoniana changed into latent infected P.massoniana and susceptible P.massoniana,respectively,revealed that not all infected pines have to go through the latent infection stage.Among the 103 latent infected pines in 2022,only 14.56%of them turned into susceptible pines in 2023,and the rest still showed no obvious symptoms,indicated that there were individual differences in the latent time.The results of this study show that latent infection of pine wilt disease is widespread in the stand,which can not be accurately identified by the naked eye alone.And pines with latent symptoms,if not be identified and controlled in time,will become the source of transmission of pine wilt disease outbreak again.

关 键 词：松材线虫病 马尾松 潜伏侵染 传播特征 遂昌县 

分 类 号：S431[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]