湘西地区猕猴桃溃疡病防治药剂筛选及田间防效评价  

Screening and field control effectiveness evaluation of fungicides for control of kiwifruit canker in Xiangxi

作　　者：赵增玲 向阳 张卓 吴健笔 刘瑞玲 易图永[1,2] Zhao Zengling;Xiang Yang;Zhang Zhuo;Wu Jianbi;Liu Ruiling;Yi Tuyong(Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha 410128,China;Fenghuang Kiwifruit Science and Technology Backyard of Hunan Province;Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of Hunan Yongshun;Hunan Institute of Plant Protection)

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学,湖南长沙410128 [2]湖南凤凰猕猴桃科技小院 [3]湖南省永顺县农业农村局 [4]湖南省植物保护研究所

出　　处：《植物检疫》2024年第5期47-51,共5页Plant Quarantine

基　　金：“十四五”国家重点研发计划(2022YFD1400200);湖南省水果产业技术体系(HARS-09)。

摘　　要：猕猴桃细菌性溃疡病菌(Psedudomonas syringae pv.actinidiae,Psa)于2013年被列入湖南省补充林业检疫性有害生物名单。目前防治猕猴桃溃疡病主要依靠化学防治。为筛选出防治猕猴桃溃疡病的有效药剂,采用紫外分光光度法测定11种杀菌剂单剂和二元混配药剂对猕猴桃溃疡病菌的抑菌作用及混配增效作用,后选取室内抑菌效果较好的7种处理在湖南湘西地区进行防治猕猴桃溃疡病的田间防效试验。结果表明,室内筛选的11种杀菌单剂中,25%聚六亚甲基胍(PHMG),0.3%四霉素,20%溴硝醇,80%乙蒜素和20%2,2-二溴-3-氰基丙酰胺(DBNPA)的抑制效果较好,EC_(50)分别为0.0424 mg/L,0.0535 mg/L,1.2932 mg/L,1.6225 mg/L,5.5665 mg/L。四霉素与PHMG二元混配中以质量比1∶1混配时SR为2.023,具有增效作用。田间防效试验中四霉素与PHMG以质量比1∶1混配的药剂1000倍液防治效果最好,相对防效为74.65%;其次是25%PHMG的1000倍液和20%溴硝醇的1000倍液,相对防效分别为72.60%、72.31%。以上表明,四霉素与PHMG以质量比1∶1进行混配对猕猴桃溃疡病具有显著的防治效果;同时,25%PHMG水剂及20%溴硝醇可湿性粉剂的防治效果也较为显著,可作为防治猕猴桃溃疡病的药剂推荐使用。Psedudomonas syringae pv.actinidiae was included in the list of supplementary forestry quarantine pests in Hunan Province in 2013.At present,chemical control is the most important method to control kiwifruit canker.In order to screen the effective fungicides to control kiwifruit canker in Xiangxi,The bacteriostatic rate and synergistic effect of 1l kinds of fungicides were determined by ultraviolet spectrophotometry,and then 7 kinds of treatments with better indoor control effect were selected to carry out field efficacy tests on the prevention and control of kiwifruit canker in Xiangxi,Hunan.Among the 11 tested fungicides,25%polyhexamethylene guanidine(PHMG),0.3%tetramycin,20%bromnitol,80%allicin and 20%2-dibromo-3-cyanopropionamide(DBNPA)showed strong inhibition to bacteria growth of Psa with the EC_(50) of 0.0424 mg/L,0.0535 mg/L,1.2932 mg/L,1.6225 mg/L and 5.5665 mg/L,respectively.The SR of the mixture of tetramycin and PHMG at the mass ratio of 1:1 was 2.023,which had a synergistic effect.In the field control efficacy test,the control effect of 1 ooo times of the mixture of tetramycin and PHMG at the mass ratio of 1:1 was the best,and the relative control effect was 74.65%,followed by 1000 times of 25%PHMG and 1000 times of 20%bromnitol,with relative control effects of 72.60%and 72.31%respectively.The above shows that the mixture of tetramycin and PHMG at the mass ratio of 1:l have a significant control effect on kiwifruit canker;at the same time,the control effect of 25%PHMG AS and 20%bromnitol WP is also significant,and can be recommended as fungicides for controlling kiwifruit canker.

关 键 词：猕猴桃细菌性溃疡病 杀菌剂 室内毒力测定 田间药效试验 

分 类 号：S432[农业科学—植物病理学]