民法典中意思表示解释规则视野下的重大误解——以意思表示错误为基础  

Major Misunderstandings in the Perspective of Interpretation Rules of the Civil Code——Based on Errors in Meaning Expression

作　　者：隋彭生[1] Sui Pengsheng(School of Civil and Commercial Economics and Law,China University of Political Science and Law,Beijing,100088)

机构地区：[1]中国政法大学民商经济法学院,北京100088

出　　处：《山东师范大学学报（社会科学版）》2024年第5期63-74,共12页Journal of Shandong Normal University(Social Sciences)

摘　　要：对重大误解的认定是一项意思表示解释的工作。民法典第142条区分有相对人的意思表示和无相对人的意思表示,对前者采表示主义的解释标准,对后者采意思主义的解释标准。解释标准,是对错误应否救济、应否认定为重大误解的标准。通过提出动机他项事实错误和动机同项事实错误两个创新概念,解决立法例尚未解决的动机进入效果意思的问题。不能对抗善意相对人的错误、非重大错误以及可以通过意思表示解释修正的错误,不构成重大误解。The identification of significant misunderstandings involves the interpretation of meaning expression.Article 142 of the Civil Code distinguishes between expressions of meaning with a relative party and those without,applying expressionism and intentionalism as interpretative standards,respectively.These interpreting standards determine whether errors should be remedied or classified as major misunderstandings.By proposing two innovative concepts of motive-related factual errors and motive-parallel factual errors,we aim to address the issue of motive effects that legislation has yet to resolve.Errors that cannot rectify goodwill-related errors,non-major errors,or errors correctable through interpretation do not constitute major misunderstandings.

关 键 词：重大误解 原因错误 动机他项事实错误 动机同项事实错误 意思表示解释标准 

分 类 号：D913[政治法律—民商法学]