高砷铁含铅物料的固体废物属性鉴别  

Solid waste identification of lead-containing material with high content of arsenic and iron

作　　者：武素茹 王兆瑞 余淑媛 朱锦波 冯均利 孙鑫 WU Suru;WANG Zhaorui;YU Shuyuan;ZHU Jinbo;FENG Junli;SUN Xin(Chemicals,Minerals and Metallic Materials Inspection Centre of TianJin Customs,Tianjin 300456,China;Shenzhen Customs Industrial Products Inspection Technology Center,Shenzhen 518067,China)

机构地区：[1]天津海关化矿金属材料检测中心,天津300456 [2]深圳海关工业品检测技术中心,广东深圳518067

出　　处：《冶金分析》2024年第9期20-26,共7页Metallurgical Analysis

基　　金：海关总署科技项目(2022HK060,2023HK008)。

摘　　要：对一批As、Fe含量较高的申报品名为“铅矿”的样品,进行了固体废物属性鉴别分析。通过元素含量、物相组成、微观形貌、粒径分布及浸出液pH值等特征检测与分析,发现该样品主要物相为黄钾铁矾和臭葱石,主要元素组成为S、Fe、Si、As、Al、Ca等,Pb含量很低,与常见铅矿特征不符。通过对比几种组成相似的固体废物,对样品来源进行推断,排除了样品来源的几种可能性:传统湿法炼锌的黄钾铁矾渣、锌精矿氧压浸出渣、铅锌冶炼烟气净化砷渣、冶金废水矿化固砷的沉砷渣,最终推断样品可能为暴露在地表的铅锌矿选矿尾矿,经长时间氧化形成的以臭葱石和黄钾铁矾为主的废弃矿石,根据GB 34330—2017鉴别样品为固体废物。Solid wastes identification were conducted on a batch of samples declared as“lead ore”with high content of arsenic and iron.Through the feature detection and analysis including elemental content,phase composition,microtopography,particle size distribution and pH of leaching solution,it was found that the main phases of this sample were jarosite and scorodite.The main elements included S,Fe,Si,As,Al and Ca,while the content of Pb was low,which was not consistent with the characteristic of common lead ores.Several solid wastes with similar composition were compared to infer the sample source.Several possibilities of sample source were excluded:jarosite slag in traditional zinc hydrometallurgy,oxygen pressure leaching slag of zinc concentrate,arsenic slag of flue gas cleaning in lead-zinc smelting,or arsenic deposition slag of mineralized arsenic fixation of metallurgical waste water.Finally,it was inferred that the sample was possible the lead-zinc ore tailings which was exposed to the earth′s surface.The refused ore mainly containing scorodite and jarosite was formed after long-term oxidization.According to GB 34330-2017,the sample was identified as solid waste.

关 键 词：含铅物料 黄钾铁矾 臭葱石 砷 铁 固体废物鉴别 

分 类 号：O657[理学—分析化学] X705[理学—化学]