基于Meta分析的近10年中国农田土壤重金属污染特征与风险解析  

Pollution Characteristics and Risk Analysis of Heavy Metal in Farmland Soils of China in Recent 10 Years Based on Meta Analysis

作　　者：丛鑫 张怀迪 张荣 赵琛 陈坤 刘寒冰 CONG Xin;ZHANG Huaidi;ZHANG Rong;ZHAO Cen;CHEN Kun;LIU Hanbing(College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Liaoning Technical University,Fuxin 123000,P.R.China;Technical Center for Soil,Agricultural and Rural Ecology and Environment,Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the People’s Republic China,Beijing 100012,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁工程技术大学环境科学与工程学院,辽宁阜新123000 [2]生态环境部土壤与农业农村生态环境监管技术中心,北京100012

出　　处：《生态环境学报》2024年第9期1451-1459,共9页Ecology and Environmental Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFC3704800)。

摘　　要：基于2014-2023年期间在中国知网和WebofScience两个数据库发表的有关中国农田土壤重金属文献数据,采用Meta分析方法探讨了近10年来中国30个行政区中93个城市的农田土壤砷(As)、镉(Cd)、铬(Cr)、铜(Cu)、汞(Hg)、镍(Ni)、铅(Pb)和锌(Zn)的污染现状和空间分布特征,运用地累积指数法和潜在生态风险指数法对农田土壤8种重金属污染程度和潜在生态风险进行了评价,并采用主成分分析法来解析各种活动对重金属污染风险的贡献。研究结果表明,中国农田土壤重金属含量均值普遍超出区域土壤背景值,研究区域农田土壤中8种重金属超标占比为38.2%-84.1%。且研究区域土壤中Cd的算术平均值超过了《土壤环境质量农用地土壤污染管控标准》(GB15618—2018)中Cd的风险筛选值。地累积指数评价结果显示农田土壤8种重金属的污染程度由高到低依次为:Hg>Cd>Pb>Zn>Cu>Ni>Cr>As。Cd和Hg的污染等级较高,轻度及以上污染区域分别占到研究区域的69.3%和65.9%。潜在生态风险指数(I_(r))计算结果表明,研究区域农田土壤中Cd和Hg元素属于较强生态风险危害范围,I_(r)>300的区域中Cd占比为41.9%,Hg为45.2%。主成分分析结果表明,研究区域农田土壤重金属污染风险可能主要来自农业活动、工业生产、自然源以及各种活动的混合贡献,3个主成分累计方差贡献为72.3%。The current status and spatial distribution characteristics of arsenic(As),cadmium(Cd),chromium(Cr),copper(Cu),mercury(Hg),nickel(Ni),lead(Pb),and zinc(Zn)pollution in farmland soils of 93 cities in 30 administrative regions of China over the past 10 years were investigated by meta-analysis,based on literature data on heavy metals in Chinese farmland soils published in two databases,CNKI and Web of Science,from 2014 to 2023.The soil accumulation index and potential ecological risk index methods were used to evaluate the degree of pollution and potential ecological risk of the eight heavy metals in farmland soil,and principal component analysis was applied to elucidate the contributions of various activities to the risk of heavy metal pollution.The results showed that the heavy metal content in farmland soil in China generally exceeded the regional soil background value,and the proportion of eight heavy metals exceeding the standard in farmland soil in the study area was 38.2%–84.1%.In addition,the arithmetic mean value of Cd in the soil of the study area exceeded the risk screening value for Cd in the“Soil Environmental Quality Control Standard for Agricultural Land Soil Pollution”(GB 15618—2018).The results of the soil accumulation index showed that the degree of pollution of the eight heavy metals in farmland soil was Hg>Cd>Pb>Zn>Cu>Ni>Cr>As,from high to low.The pollution levels of Cd and Hg were high,and areas with mild or high pollution accounted for 69.33%and 65.9%of the study area,respectively.The calculation results of the potential ecological risk index(I_(r))indicated that Cd and Hg in farmland soils in the study area were in the range of strong ecological risk.The proportions of Cd and Hg in the areas with I_(r)>300 were 41.9%and 45.2%,respectively.Principal component analysis revealed that the risk of heavy metal pollution in agricultural soils within the study area was primarily attributed to a combination of agricultural activities,industrial production,natural sources,and various other activ

关 键 词：META分析 农田土壤 重金属 污染特征 风险解析 发表性偏倚 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]