蒲城县小麦与玉米病虫害防控植保贡献率测算试验  

作　　者：房欢欢 伍强强 吴晨涛 许彦蓉 张明 李小虎 

机构地区：[1]蒲城县植保植检站,陕西蒲城715500

出　　处：《智慧农业导刊》2024年第20期22-25,共4页JOURNAL OF SMART AGRICULTURE

摘　　要：为科学评估蒲城县小麦、玉米生产中植物保护工作的贡献而设计试验,设置严格防治区、统防统治区、农户自防区和空白对照区,采用对角线5点取样调查的方法,在小麦返青期杂草化学除草后和灌浆期调查病虫草害发生情况,在玉米整个生育期调查病虫草害发生情况;在小麦、玉米成熟期进行理论测产和实际测产,测算不同防治水平下的亩产量、挽回损失、植保贡献率等,根据取样代表面积在全县种植面积占比计算县域植保贡献率。结果表明,植保工作可有效控制小麦、玉米病虫草害的发生,通过防治小麦、玉米病虫害发生种类和程度均明显减轻;通过计算得出蒲城县小麦生产中植保贡献率为20.56%;玉米生产中植保贡献率为23.5%。Experiments were designed to scientifically evaluate the contribution of plant protection in wheat and corn production in Pucheng County.Strict control areas,unified control areas,farmers’self-control areas and blank control areas were set up.A diagonal 5-point sampling survey method was used to investigate the occurrence of diseases,insect pests and weeds after weed removal during the wheat return green period and during the filling period,and to investigate the occurrence of diseases,insect pests and weeds during the entire growth period of corn;Theoretical and actual yield tests are carried out during the mature period of wheat and corn,and the yield per mu,losses recovered,plant protection contribution rate,etc.under different control levels are calculated.County plant protection contribution rate is calculated based on the proportion of sampled representative area in the county’s planting area.The results show that plant protection can effectively control the occurrence of diseases,insect pests and weeds in wheat and corn,and the types and degrees of diseases and insect pests in wheat and corn are significantly reduced.Through calculation,the contribution rate of plant protection in wheat production in Pucheng County is 20.56%;the contribution rate of plant protection in corn production is 23.5%.

关 键 词：小麦病虫害 玉米病虫害 损失率 防控效果 植保贡献率 

分 类 号：S51[农业科学—作物学]