电阻抗断层成像技术指导下康复护理对ICU呼吸衰竭患者机械通气时间和并发症的影响  

Effects of rehabilitation nursing under the guidance of electrical impedance tomography on mechanical ventilation time and complications in ICU patients with respiratory failure

作　　者：王亚萍 庞璐[1] 吴霞云[1] Wang Yaping;Pang Lu;Wu Xiayun(Department of Critical Care Medicine,Quzhou People′s Hospital,Quzhou 324000,China)

机构地区：[1]衢州市人民医院重症医学科,衢州324000

出　　处：《中国实用护理杂志》2024年第27期2111-2117,共7页Chinese Journal of Practical Nursing

基　　金：2021年度衢州市指导性科技攻关项目(2021035)。

摘　　要：目的分析电阻抗断层成像技术(EIT)指导下康复护理对ICU呼吸衰竭患者机械通气时间和并发症的影响,以期促进ICU呼吸衰竭患者肺康复护理锻炼措施的系统完善。方法采用随机对照试验方法,于2021年7月至2022年7月便利抽样法选取衢州市人民医院ICU收住的呼吸衰竭患者80例为研究对象,按照入院时间分组,2021年7—12月入院的40例患者为对照组,2022年2—7月入院的40例患者为观察组。对照组行常规康复护理措施,观察组行EIT指导下康复护理锻炼。对比分析2组患者的肺功能指数、ICU住院时间、机械通气时间、血气指数以及并发症发生率情况。结果对照组男22例,女18例,年龄(53.54±5.17)岁;观察组男21例,女19例,年龄(52.82±5.21)岁。干预后,观察组第1秒用力呼气容积、第1秒用力呼气容积/用力肺活量及第1秒用力呼气容积占预计值百分比分别为(2.82±0.67)L、(78.87±4.82)%及(74.24±9.65)%,高于对照组的(2.10±0.66)L、(65.59±3.67)%及(60.87±9.66)%,差异均有统计学意义(t=4.84、13.86、6.19,均P<0.05);观察组ICU住院时间和机械通气时间分别为(10.37±1.34)和(9.82±1.24)h,少于对照组的(12.19±1.22)和(11.54±1.37)h,差异均有统计学意义(t=6.35、5.89,均P<0.05);观察组动脉血氧分压及氧合指数分别为(90.76±12.46)mmHg(1 mmHg=0.133 kPa)和(377.36±54.38),高于对照组的(72.65±11.65)mmHg和(329.15±42.26),差异均有统计学意义(t=6.72、4.43,均P<0.05);观察组动脉血二氧化碳分压为(45.32±4.87)mmHg,低于对照组的(52.73±4.27)mmHg,差异有统计学意义(t=7.24,P<0.05);观察组并发症发生率为7.50%(3/40),低于对照组的25.00%(10/40),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.50,P<0.05)。结论EIT导向下康复护理有利于提高ICU呼吸衰竭患者血气指数,改善肺通气功能,有效缩短患者气管插管时间及ICU住院时间,减少相关并发症发生率。Objective To analyze the effects of rehabilitation nursing under the guidance of electrical impedance tomography(EIT)on mechanical ventilation time and complications in ICU patients with respiratory failure so as to promote the systematic improvement of pulmonary rehabilitation nursing exercise measures.Methods In the randomized controlled trial,80 patients with respiratory failure admitted to ICU of Quzhou People′s Hospital were enrolled between July 2021 and July 2022 by convenience sampling method.According to different admission time,patients were divided into control group(40 cases,July-December 2021,routine rehabilitation nursing)and observation group(40 cases,February-July 2022,EIT-guided rehabilitation nursing).The lung function indexes,stay time in ICU,mechanical ventilation time,blood gas indexes and incidence of complications were compared between the two groups.Results There were 22 males and 18 females in the control group,with an age of(53.54±5.17)years;there were 21 males and 19 females in the observation group,with an age of(52.82±5.21)years.After intervention,forced expiratory volume in the first second(2.82±0.67)L,forced expiratory volume/forced vital capacity in the first second(78.87±4.82)%and forced expiratory volume in the first second as a percentage of the predicted value(74.24±9.65)%in observation group were higher than those in control group[(2.10±0.66)L,(65.59±3.67)%,(60.87±9.66)%],and the differences were statistically significant(t=4.84,13.86,6.19,all P<0.05).The stay time in ICU(10.37±1.34)h and mechanical ventilation time(9.82±1.24)h in observation group were shorter than those in control group(12.19±1.22)h,(11.54±1.37)h,and the differences were statistically significant(t=6.35,5.89,both P<0.05).After intervention,arterial oxygen partial pressure(90.76±12.46)mmHg(1mmHg=0.133kPa)and oxygenation index(377.36±54.38)in observation group were higher than those in control group(72.65±11.65),(329.15±42.26)mmHg,and the differences were statistically significant(t=6.72,4.43

关 键 词：康复护理 呼吸衰竭 并发症 机械通气 电阻抗断层成像技术 

分 类 号：R473.5[医药卫生—护理学]