大型激波管产生的长持时冲击波的特性研究  

Characteristics of Long Duration Shock Waves Generated by Large Shock Tubes

作　　者：程建华[1] 孟兵兵 王辉[1] 顿志林[1] 张新生 郭帅房 CHENG Jianhua;MENG Bingbing;WANG Hui;DUN Zhilin;ZHANG Xinsheng;GUO shuaifang(School of Civil Engineering,He'nan Polytechnic University,He'nan Jiaozuo,454000;School of Resources and Environment,He'nan Polytechnic University,He'nan Jiaozuo,454000)

机构地区：[1]河南理工大学土木工程学院,河南焦作454000 [2]河南理工大学资源环境学院,河南焦作454000

出　　处：《爆破器材》2024年第5期13-20,共8页Explosive Materials

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(U1810203);国家自然科学基金(52178388);中铁十六局集团有限公司资助项目(H22541)。

摘　　要：为得到长持时冲击波,在大型激波管高压段2个位置预设TNT和预充高压气体,进行了压力测试,并得到了测点处的压力时程曲线;又采用ANSYS/LS-DYNA软件对上述工况进行了数值仿真和参数校正;然后,对不同工况产生的冲击波特性进行仿真研究;最后,明确了不同装药位置、装药量、预充高压气体压力和泄压口长度对冲击波特性的影响。结果表明:当采用2处TNT装药,装药量和泄压口长度不变时,峰值超压和超压时长随着预充高压气体压力的增大而增大,峰值到达时间不一定降低;当预充高压气体压力和泄压口长度一定,2处TNT装药量增幅不大时,峰值超压和峰值到达时间会降低,但超压时间增加;同时增加TNT装药量和预充高压气体压力,会提高峰值超压,但对超压时长的影响不明显;当TNT装药位置为1个,装药量和泄压口长度一定时,预充高压气体压力增大会增加超压时长和峰值压力,与2处装药位置时规律一致,但冲击波的峰值到达时间降低;当其余条件不变时,减小泄压口长度会增加峰值超压压力,但是峰值到达时间却呈先减小、后增大的趋势。In order to obtain long-duration shock waves,TNT and pre-filled high-pressure gas were pre-set at two positions in the high-pressure section of a large shock tube.Experiments were conducted and pressure time history curves were obtained at monitoring points.ANSYS/LS-DYNA software was used to calibrate the numerical simulation parameters of the above working conditions.Then,the characteristics of shock waves generated under different working conditions were simulated and studied.Finally,the effects of different charge positions,charge weights,pre-filled gas pressures,and length of the pressure relief port on the shock wave characteristics were clarified.The results indicate that when two TNT charges are used and the charge weight and the length of the pressure relief port remain unchanged,the peak overpressure and overpressure duration increase with the increase of pre-filled high-pressure gas pressure,and the peak overpressure arrival time does not necessarily decrease.When the pre-filled high-pressure gas pressure and the length of the pressure relief port are constant,and the increase in TNT charge at two locations is not significant,the peak overpressure and peak overpressure arrival time will decrease,but the overpressure time will increase.Simultaneously increasing TNT charge and pre-filled high-pressure gas will increase the peak overpressure,but the effect on the duration of overpressure is not significant.When TNT is placed at one location with constant TNT charge and length of the pressure relief port,an increase in pre-filled high-pressure gas pressure will increase the duration of overpressure and peak pressure,consistent with the pattern of two loading positions,but the peak overpressure arrival time will decrease.When all the other conditions remain constant,reducing the length of the pressure relief port will increase peak overpressure,but arrival time of peak overpressure exhibits a trend of first decreasing and then increasing.

关 键 词：激波管 长持时冲击波 TNT 预充高压气体 

分 类 号：O383[理学—流体力学]