不同起爆方式对水下炸药能量输出影响的实验研究  

Experimental Study on Effects of Different Detonation Methods on Energy Output of Explosives in Underwater Explosion

作　　者：刘燕 雷勇涛 童宗保 江自生 刘智华 李文娜 LIU Yan;LEI Yongtao;TONG Zongbao;JIANG Zisheng;LIU Zhihua;LI Wenna(Jiangnan Industry Group Co.,Ltd.,Hu'nan Xiangtan,411207)

机构地区：[1]江南工业集团有限公司,湖南湘潭411207

出　　处：《爆破器材》2024年第5期50-54,共5页Explosive Materials

摘　　要：为了研究不同起爆方式对大当量水下战斗部装药爆炸能量输出的影响,在大型水域开展了20 kg级装药战斗部水下静爆实验,测试了不同起爆方式下水中爆炸的能量输出。结果表明:改变起爆方式,可使装药在爆炸近场的水中爆炸能量(冲击波超压、冲击波能和总能量)输出有较大的变化。其中,端面起爆方式下,水下爆炸近场R=6 m处的冲击波超压、冲击波能和总能量可达到理想球形爆轰的97.3%、81.2%和93.5%。可见,在装药形状基本不变的条件下,改变起爆方式即可实现战斗部结构优化,达到最大能量输出。但起爆方式对炸药的冲击波超压和能量输出的影响存在区域效应,当R/r=12.00时,端面起爆与理想球形爆轰产生的冲击波超压相当;当R/r=16.77时,不同起爆方式下炸药的冲击波能、气泡能和总能量相差不大,起爆方式对炸药能量输出的影响几乎可以忽略。In order to study the effect of different detonation methods on energy output of a large-equivalence underwater warhead,a 20 kg-level charge warhead underwater static explosion experiment was conducted in a large water area.The variation law of energy output in underwater explosions under different detonation methods was studied.Results indicate that changing the detonation method can cause significant changes in the output of explosive energy of the charge,such as shock wave overpressure,shock wave energy,and total energy,in the water near the explosion field.Under the end detonation method,the shock wave overpressure,shock wave energy,and total energy at the near-field R=6 m of underwater explosion can reach 97.3%,81.2%,and 93.5%of the ideal spherical detonation,respectively.It can be seen that changing the detonation method can optimize the structure of the warhead and achieve maximum output energy,while keeping the shape of the charge basically unchanged.However,there is a regional effect on the impact of detonation methods on shock wave overpressure and energy output of explosives.When R/r=12.00,the shock wave overpressure generated by end detonation is equivalent to that generated by an ideal spherical detonation.When R/r=16.77,the difference in shock wave energy,bubble energy,and total energy of explosives under different detonation methods is not significant,and the influence of detonation methods on the energy output of explosives can be almost ignored.

关 键 词：起爆方式 水下爆炸 爆炸威力 

分 类 号：TJ510[兵器科学与技术—军事化学与烟火技术] TQ560.7[化学工程—炸药化工]