青海湖裸鲤Rh基因家族的全基因组分析及其碳酸盐碱胁迫响应  

FULL GENOME ANALYSIS OF THE RH GENE FAMILY IN GYMNOCYPRIS PRZEWALSKII AND ITS RESPONSE TO CARBONATE ALKALINE STRESS

作　　者：郭守全 谭瑾 刘丹 晁燕[3] 张存芳 聂苗苗 寇若彬 姚占雯 祁得林 GUO Shou-Quan;TAN Jin;LIU Dan;CHAO Yan;ZHANG Cun-Fang;NIE Miao-Miao;KOU Ruo-Bin;YAO Zhan-Wen;QI De-Lin(State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture,Qinghai University,Xining 810016,China;College of Ecological Environmental Engineering,Qinghai University,Xining 810016,China;Department of Animal Science,College of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry,Qinghai University,Xining 810016,China)

机构地区：[1]青海大学省部共建三江源生态与高原农牧业国家重点实验室,西宁810016 [2]青海大学生态环境工程学院,西宁810016 [3]青海大学农牧学院动物科学系,西宁810016

出　　处：《水生生物学报》2024年第11期1822-1834,共13页Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(32371578);第二次青藏高原综合考察研究项目(2019QZKK0302)资助。

摘　　要：为探究Rh(Rhesus)基因家族在青海湖裸鲤(Gymnocypris przewalskii)高碱适应中的作用,研究基于青海湖裸鲤基因组数据对Rh基因家族进行了生物信息学分析,并开展碱胁迫和基因表达检测。结果显示,青海湖裸鲤Rh基因家族由7个成员组成,编码425—562个氨基酸不等。Motif、Domain及基因结构分析结果均表明该家族成员具有较高的保守性,但基因结构差异较大。染色体定位分析结果显示,Rh基因家族成员分布在7条染色体上(Chr 37、29、46、13、14、15和26),所有基因产物均为疏水性稳定蛋白,除Rhd产物外其余6个基因的产物均为酸性蛋白,其中α-螺旋是主要的二级结构,亚细胞定位预测结果显示,Rh基因产物全部位于细胞膜中。选择压力分析结果显示Rhbg和Rhcg2a受到正选择作用。在碳酸盐碱度胁迫下,青海湖裸鲤血氨浓度逐渐升高,胁迫48h后开始下降。基因表达研究表明,青海湖裸鲤鳃、皮肤、肾脏和肝脏组织中,Rhag、Rhbg、Rhcg1、Rhcg2a和Rh50的表达量呈现先上升后下降趋势;在血液组织中,Rhag、Rhbg、Rhcg2a和Rh50的表达量逐渐降低,Rhd的表达量呈现先上升后下降趋势。Rhbg和Rhcg2a可能是青海湖裸鲤氨氮代谢中发挥作用的关键基因,同时Rhag、Rhcg1、Rhcg2b和Rh50也发挥着一定的作用。就组织器官而言,鳃在青海湖裸鲤排氨中发挥主要作用,皮肤、肾脏和肝脏的作用次之。研究揭示了青海湖裸鲤Rh基因家族成员在氨氮代谢中的作用,为青海湖裸鲤资源保护提供了科学依据。This study delves into the significance of the Rh(Rhesus)gene family in the high alkali adaptation of Gymnocypris przewalskii,conducting bioinformatics analysis on the genome data and exploring alkali stress responses through gene expression detection.The results showed that seven Rh gene family members encoding proteins ranging from 425 to 562 amino acids.Despite notable differences in gene structure,motif and domain analysis showcased a high level of conservation among these members.Chromosome mapping revealed the dispersion of Rh gene family members across seven chromosomes(Chr 37,29,46,13,14,15,and 26),all encoding hydrophobic stable proteins,except for Rhd products,which were acidic proteins.The predominant alpha-helix secondary structure was observed in these proteins.Subcellular localization prediction positioned all Rh gene products within the cell membrane.Selection pressure analysis highlighted positive selection in Rhbg and Rhcg2a.Under carbonate alkalinity stress,Gymnocypris przewalskii exhibited a gradual increase in blood ammonia concentration,followed by a decline after 48h.Gene expression studies showed that the expression levels of Rhag,Rhbg,Rhcg1,Rhcg2a,and Rh50 in the gills,skin,kidney,and liver of Gymnocypris przewalskii increased initially and then decreased.In the blood tissue,the expression levels of Rhag,Rhbg,Rhcg2a,and Rh50 gradually decreased,while the expression level of Rhd first increased and then decreased.Rhbg and Rhcg2a may be the key genes involved in ammonia nitrogen metabolism in Gymnocypris przewalskii,while Rhag,Rhcg1,Rhcg2a,and Rh50 also playing significant role.In terms of tissues and organs,gills are primarily responsible for ammonia excretion followed by skin,kidney,and liver.This study revealed the role of RH gene family members in ammonia nitrogen metabolism of Gymnocypris przewalskii,and provided a scientific foundation for the conservation of this species.

关 键 词：Rh基因家族 碱胁迫 氨氮代谢 青海湖裸鲤 

分 类 号：Q344.1[生物学—遗传学]