叙利亚战时经济的特点、运行机理及发展趋势  

Syria's War Economy:Characteristics,Operating Mechanism and Future Prospects

作　　者：李海鹏[1] Li Haipeng

机构地区：[1]北京大学外国语学院阿拉伯语系

出　　处：《西亚非洲》2024年第5期44-65,153,共23页West Asia and Africa

摘　　要：战时经济是叙利亚战争的重要构成元素。战时叙利亚国内和地区政治、军事、安全动态以及战前的社会经济网络共同塑造了叙利亚战时经济的基本形态,在宏观上体现为强制性资源汲取、经济垄断趋势强化、非正规经济膨胀、经济割裂与相互依赖并存、外部影响扩大等特点;在微观层面不同行动者通过参与战斗经济、战争商机经济和生存经济共同支撑着经济体系的运行。截至2018年,叙利亚战时经济主要通过战争融资、经济资源竞争、回馈生存经济等机制对叙利亚战争持续和走势产生间接影响。2019年底以来,国内外多重因素触发叙利亚经济危机,叙利亚战时经济的运行机制和特点相应发生显著变化。这些变化将对叙利亚冲突解决和战后重建产生复杂而深远的影响。The war economy is a key component of the Syrian civil war.Wartime political,military,and security dynamics on both domestic and regional fronts as well as pre-war socio-economic networks jointly shaped the basic configurations of the Syrian war economy,which is characterized by coercive extraction,the strengthening of economic monopoly,expansion of the informal economy,parallel economic fragmentation and interdependence,and growing influences of external factors on Syria's economy.At the micro level,the operation of Syria's war economy is underpinned by economic activities of various actors participating in the combat economy,wartime speculative economy and coping economy.As of 2018,the war economy has impacted indirectly on the duration and trajectories of the Syrian civil war through mechanisms of war financing,competition over economic resources,and feeding the coping economy.Since the end of 2019,multiple factors at home and abroad have triggered grave economic and humanitarian crisis in Syria and significantly reformulated the operating mechanism and characteristics of Syria's war economy,which will have complex and far-reaching impacts on conflict resolution and post-war reconstruction in Syria.

关 键 词：战时经济 叙利亚 经济危机 战后重建 

分 类 号：D815.4[政治法律—国际关系]