脑机接口技术(BCI)能够带来永生吗?——基于传统生死哲学的探讨  

Can brain-computer interface(BCI)technology lead to immortality?—A discussion based on traditional philosophy of life and death

作　　者：张静 ZHANG Jing

机构地区：[1]东南大学人文学院,江苏南京211189

出　　处：《东南大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2024年第5期39-46,148,149,共10页Journal of Southeast University(Philosophy and Social Science)

摘　　要：鉴于脑机接口技术(BCI)能令人“永生”之假说带来的困惑,运用传统生死哲学对其技术实质进行分析和反思。首先,应对核心问题,即BCI是否实现了对生命存在主体的复制和存续。依据作为生命存在主体之心智的双重体用性分析发现:(1)具有本体性的心智是非功能主义的,因此不等同于脑信号采集后的数据化集合;(2)具有主体性的心智是非计算主义的,因此不等同于程序化运行,所以BCI始终没有实现心智的复制与存续,只是脱离了生命真实存在的,耽于部分生理表象的观测和模拟程序演算。其次,反思同类“数字永生”技术对生命理解的局限。正因其缺乏对生命存在的主体性乃至本体性的理解层次,导致对生命的物质化和表象化认同,从而耽于对局部生理信号的抓取、数据化和程序化,这样的“数字永生”是不可能真正实现的。Given the perplexity surrounding the hypothesis that brain-computer interface(BCI)technology could enable immortality,this paper employs traditional philosophy of life and death to analyze the technological essence of BCI.The core issue to address is whether BCI truly achieves the replication and continuation of the subject of life.An analysis of the dual nature of the mind as the subject of life reveals the following results:(1)The ontological mind is non-functionalist,meaning that it is not equivalent to the data set collected from brain signals;(2)The subjective mind is non-computational,meaning that it cannot be equated with the programmed operations of a machine.Therefore,BCI does not achieve the replication or immortality of the mind;it merely engages in the observation and simulation of physiological representations detached from the true existence of life.Besides,the paper reflects on the limitations of similar“digital immortality”technologies in their understanding of life.These technologies lack a deeper comprehension of the subjectivity and even the ontology of life,which leads to a materialistic and representational identification of life.Consequently,they focus on capturing,digitizing,and programming partial physiological signals,making such“digital immortality”impossible to achieve.

关 键 词：脑机接口(BCI) 永生 生死哲学 自性 功能主义 计算主义 

分 类 号：TP11[自动化与计算机技术—控制理论与控制工程] B82-057[自动化与计算机技术—控制科学与工程]