铁皮石斛仿野生栽培研究  

Study on the Simulated Wild Cultivation of Dendrobium officinale

作　　者：李桂琳[1] 姚志军[1] 贾敏 罗凯[1] 周侯光[1] 董蓉娇 李泽生[1] LI Guilin;YAO Zhijun;JIA Min;LUO Kai;ZHOU Houguang;DONG Rongjiao;LI Zesheng(Yunnan Dehong Institute of Tropical Agricultural Science,Ruili 678600,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省德宏热带农业科学研究所,云南瑞丽678600

出　　处：《热带农业科技》2024年第4期37-41,共5页Tropical Agricultural Science & Technology

基　　金：2023年德宏州“凤尾竹”育才项目“产业技术拔尖人才”;2021重大专项(生物医药)-云药之乡西北部片区产业技术创新及应用-德宏州云药之乡产业服务体系创新及应用(202102AA310045);云南省热带作物科技创新体系建设子项目(DTARI-2024-06)。

摘　　要：以铁皮石斛为试验材料,开展种苗选择、种植时间、相对湿度、荫蔽度、附生树种、固定材料、固定部位、种植密度、采收时间等仿野生栽培试验。结果表明:仿野生种植铁皮石斛应选用驯化组培苗或者扦插苗,在1月或9月,在相对湿度大于50%,荫蔽度60%~70%的林地,选用梨树、澳洲坚果树、龙眼树等树皮粗糙、多纵沟纹、不易脱落且径围>10 cm的树种,用棕绳将铁皮石斛种苗按6~8株/丛,丛距×层距10 cm×20 cm,根系朝上,茎叶朝下,螺旋式将铁皮石斛捆绑在附生树种上。生长期每天喷雾2次,每月喷叶面肥1次,种植24个月后即可采收铁皮石斛封顶的鲜茎。Using Dendrobiumofficinale as the experimental material,a simulated wild cultivation experiment was carried out,including seedling selection,planting time,relative humidity,shade,epiphytic tree species,fixing materials,fixing po-sitions,planting density,and harvesting time.The results showed that domesticated tissue culture seedlings or cutting seed-lings should be used for simulated wild cultivation of Dendrobiumofficinale.In January or September,in the forestland with relative humidity greater than 50%and shade of 60%to 70%,pear trees,macadamia trees,longan trees and other tree species with rough bark,multiple longitudinal grooves,not easy to fall off and diameter>10 cm were selected.The Den-drobiumofficinaleseedlings were tied to the epiphytic tree species in a spiral manner with brown ropes according to 6 to 8 plants/clump,with a cluster distance×layer distance of 10 cm×20 cm,with the roots facing up and the stems and leaves facing down.Spray twice a day during the growth period and spray foliar fertilizer once a month.The capped fresh stems of Dendrobiumofficinalecan be harvested 24 months after planting.

关 键 词：铁皮石斛 仿野生栽培 林下 澳洲坚果 

分 类 号：S567.239[农业科学—中草药栽培]