商城县野生油茶种实表型性状多样性分析  

Diversity Analysis of Phenotypic Traits of Wild Camellia Oleifera Seeds in Shangcheng County

作　　者：周轩 王泽东 李建 徐晖 彭鑫钰 朱计谋 ZHOU Xuan;WANG Zedong;LI jian;XU hui;PENG Xinyu;ZHU Jimou(Forestry Bureau of Pingqiao District,Xingyang City,Xingyang 464100,China)

机构地区：[1]信阳市平桥区林业局,河南信阳464100

出　　处：《信阳农林学院学报》2024年第3期84-91,共8页Journal of Xinyang Agriculture and Forestry University

摘　　要：本地优良品种的选育对促进油茶产业持续发展具有重要意义。本试验在群众报优的基础上,选择商城县野生油茶分布比较集中的区域进行野生资源调查,共选择35个样株,随机采集果实,对其表型性状进行测定。基于方差分析和主成分分析,对各样株进行差异性、相关性、聚类分析和综合评价。结果表明:8个表型性状变异系数均大于10%,籽粒数变异系数最大为38.05%,果实纵径变异系数最小为11.64%,35个样株的表型性状差异明显;聚类分析将35个样株根据表型性状的差异分成3个类群,其中小果型所占比重最大,为68.57%,中果形和大果型所占比率较低,分别为22.86%和8.57%;聚类结果表明,果重、鲜籽质量和籽粒数是表型性状中重要的分类性状。主成分分析综合评价排序,最终筛选出10个表型性状优良的植株:GM 4、GM 3、GM 25、GM 34、GM 19、GM 33、GM 30、GM 6、GM 5、GM 9,为进一步的良种选育打下基础。The selection of local excellent varieties is of great significance to promote the sustainable development of the camellia oil industry.Based on the public's excellent report,this experiment selected the areas with relatively concentrated distribution of wild camellia oil in Shangcheng County to investigate wild resources.A total of 35 sample plants were selected to randomly collect fruits and test their phenotypic traits.Based on analysis of variance and principal component analysis,the significance of difference,correlation,cluster analysis and comprehensive evaluation of each plant were carried out.The results showed that the variation coefficients of 8 phenotypic traits were all more than 10%,the maximum variation coefficient of grain number was 38.05%,the minimum variation coefficient of fruit longitudinal diameter was 11.64%,and the phenotypic traits of 35 samples were significantly different.The 35 samples were divided into 3 groups according to phenotypic traits.The proportion of small fruit type was the largest(68.57%),the proportion of medium fruit type and large fruit type was the lowest(22.86%and 8.57%).The clustering results showed that fruit weight,fresh seed weight and grain number were important classification traits among phenotypic traits.Ten plants with excellent phenotypic traits were screened out by comprehensive evaluation and sequencing of principal component analysis:GM 4,GM 3,GM 25,GM 34,GM 19,GM 33,GM 30,GM 6,GM 5 and GM 9,which laid a foundation for further breeding of improved varieties.

关 键 词：油茶 主成分分析 聚类分析 变异系数 

分 类 号：S794.4[农业科学—林木遗传育种]