盐碱胁迫下燕麦根际与非根际土壤微生物多样性研究  

Study on the Microbial Diversity of Rhizosphere and Non-Rhizosphere Soils of Oats under Saline-Alkali Stress

作　　者：鲍鑫茹 米俊珍[1] 刘景辉[1] 赵宝平[1] 徐忠山 李星岩 苑志强 BAO Xinru;MI Junzhen;LIU Jinghui;ZHAO Baoping;XU Zhongshan;LI Xingyan;YUAN Zhiqiang(College of Agronomy,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University/National Agricultural Research Outstanding Talents and Their Innovation Team/Oat Whole Industry China Science and Technology Innovation Team/“Grassland Talents”Innovation Team/Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Oat Engineering Laboratory/Inner Mongolia University Oat Engineering Research Center/Collaborative Innovation Center of Cereal Industry,Hohhot,Inner Mongolia 010019,China;Science and Technology Park,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot,Inner Mongolia 010018,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学农学院/全国农业科研杰出人才及其创新团队/燕麦全产业链科技创新团队/“草原英才”创新团队/内蒙古自治区燕麦工程实验室/内蒙古高校燕麦工程研究中心/杂粮产业协同创新中心,内蒙古呼和浩特010019 [2]内蒙古农业大学科技园区,内蒙古呼和浩特010018

出　　处：《麦类作物学报》2024年第10期1303-1314,共12页Journal of Triticeae Crops

基　　金：燕麦全产业链科技创新团队项目(BR22-12-05);国家燕麦荞麦产业技术体系项目(CARS-07);内蒙古自治区燕麦工程实验室能力建设项目(BR221023)。

摘　　要：为探究不同程度盐碱胁迫对燕麦抽穗期根际和非根际土壤微生物多样性及群落组成的影响,采用盆栽试验,以耐盐碱品种白燕2号为材料,设置土壤盐碱浓度为0 g·kg^(-1)(CK)、3 g·kg^(-1)(Y_(1))、5 g·kg^(-1)(Y_(2))、7 g·kg^(-1)(Y_(3))共4个处理,分析不同盐碱胁迫下土壤微生物多样性和群落组成及其与土壤化学性状及盐碱胁迫的关系。结果表明,根际土壤碱解氮和速效磷含量整体高于非根际土壤,且随盐碱胁迫程度增加显著降低(P<0.05);根际土壤的pH和电导率低于非根际土壤。土壤电导率是影响优势菌群的重要因素。燕麦根际土壤细菌群落的丰富度和多样性、真菌丰富度均低于非根际土壤。随盐碱浓度的增加,根际土壤与非根际土壤的细菌多样性指数均降低。各处理下,两种土壤中优势细菌门均为变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、放线菌门(Actinobacteriota)、拟杆菌门(Bacteroidota),且拟杆菌门相对丰度随盐碱浓度变化的增加增幅较大,根际土壤中变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、放线菌门(Actinobacteriota)相对丰度均高于非根际土壤;两种土壤中,优势细菌属均为鞘氨醇单胞菌属(Sphingomonas),优势真菌门均为子囊菌门(Ascomycota),优势真菌属均为镰刀菌属(Fusarium)。不同程度盐碱胁迫对燕麦根际与非根际土壤微生物群落组成有一定影响;在重度盐碱胁迫下,燕麦根际土壤鞘氨醇单胞菌属(Sphingobacterium)等表现出良好的耐受力,或可成为盐碱条件下燕麦栽培及盐碱土壤改良的可利用资源。In order to explore the effects of different degrees of saline-alkali stress on the microbial diversity and community composition of rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soils at the heading stage of oat,a pot experiment was carried out,and four stress treatments with soil saline-alkali concentration of0 g·kg^(-1)(CK)、3 g·kg^(-1)(Y_(1))、5 g·kg^(-1)(Y_(2))、7 g·kg^(-1)(Y_(3))were set up to analyze the soil microbial diversity and community composition and their relationship with soil chemical properties and saline-alkali stress under different saline-alkali stresses.The results showed that the contents of alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen and available phosphorus in rhizosphere soil were higher than those in non-rhizosphere soil,which decreased significantly with the increase of saline-alkali stress(P<0.05).The pH and conductivity of rhizosphere soil were lower than those of non-rhizosphere soil.Soil electrica conductivity is an important factor affecting the dominant microflora.The richness,diversity and fungal richness of bacterial communities in oat rhizosphere soil were lower than those in non-rhizosphere soil.With the increase of saline-alkali stress,the diversity of rhizosphere bacteria and the diversity index of non-rhizosphere bacteria decreased.Under each treatment,the dominant bacterial phyla were Proteobacteria,Actinobacteriota and Bacteroidota,and the relative abundance of bacteroidetes increased with the saline-alkali gradient greatly.The relative abundance of Actinobacteriota was higher than that in non-rhizosphere soil.In both soils,the dominant bacterial genera were Sphingomonas.The dominant fungi are Ascomycota,and the dominant fungi are Fusarium.Different degrees of saline-alkali stress will have a certain impact on the composition of microbial communities in oat rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soils,and Sphingobacterium in oat rhizosphere soil showed good tolerance under severe saline-alkali stress,which may become a useful resource for oat cultivation and saline-alkali soil improvement under sal

关 键 词：燕麦 盐碱胁迫 根际与非根际土壤 土壤微生物 

分 类 号：S512.6[农业科学—作物学] S311