基于单通道AE盲源分离的结构损伤定位  

Damage Localization of Plate Structures Based on Single‑Channel AE Blind‑Source Separation

作　　者：何鹏举 王博成[2] 刘欣 刘应礼[3] HE Pengju;WANG Bocheng;LIU Xin;LIU Yingli(School of Information Engineering,Xi′an Eurasia University Xi′an,710065,China;School of Automation,Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi′an,710129,China;Xi′an Dingzheng Measurement and Control Technology Co.,Ltd.Xi′an,710399,China)

机构地区：[1]西安欧亚学院信息工程学院,西安710065 [2]西北工业大学自动化学院,西安710129 [3]西安鼎正测控科技有限公司,西安710399

出　　处：《振动．测试与诊断》2024年第5期1002-1009,1043,共9页Journal of Vibration,Measurement & Diagnosis

基　　金：陕西省秦创原“科学家+工程师”队伍建设资助项目(2022KXJ-056);数字孪生与声学感知科研资助项目(2021XJTD06)。

摘　　要：声发射(acoustic emission,简称AE)能够实现复杂板状结构损伤定位,但多数AE检测定位方法仅针对单AE源的情况,而实际中复杂板状结构产生损伤时会伴随多个AE卷积混合信号。为了解决工程中多AE源定位的问题,提出一种单通道AE盲分离-模态提取定位方法。首先,对采集的AE信号进行信号降噪,使用单通道盲源分离算法分离出无回波成分的AE信号,将多源定位转为多个单源定位问题;其次,通过提取单频模态,求取声波传播速度,估计到达时间差来进行疲劳裂纹损伤定位;最后,经过计算机仿真实验和钢箱梁桥断铅半实物仿真实验,验证了方法的准确性和有效性,并通过载荷破坏AE检测实验验证了方法的实用性。结果表明,所提方法能够应用于复杂板状结构多AE源定位问题,为实际工程应用提供了可靠的依据及参考价值。Acoustic emission(AE)can achieve damage localization in complex plate structures,but most fatigue crack AE detection and localization methods are designed for single AE sources.In practice,damage to complex plate structures is often accompanied by multiple,convolutedly mixed AE signals.To address the problem of localizing multiple AE sources in practical engineering,a single-channel AE blind separation-mode extraction localization method for fatigue crack localization in steel box girder bridge is proposed and experimentally verified.Signal noise reduction is performed on the AE signals collected by the sensors,and the AE signals without echo components are separated using a single-channel blind source separation algorithm to convert the multisource localization into a multiple single-source localization problem.Fatigue crack damage localization is performed by extracting single frequency modes and using modal acoustic emission to determine the acoustic wave propagation velocity,thereby estimating the arrival time difference.The accuracy and effectiveness of the method are verified by computer simulation experiments and semi-physical simulation experiments of steel box girder bridge lead breakage;the practicality of the method is further verified by load-damage AE detection tests.The experimental results show that the proposed method can be applied to the problem of locating multiple AE sources in complex plate structures,which provides a reliable basis and reference value for practical engineering applications.

关 键 词：板状结构体 声发射 多源定位 AE盲分离-模态提取 

分 类 号：TH17[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TP277[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]