新中国审判日本战犯的特质与研究价值——《新中国的战犯审判与归国后的和平实践》读后  

The Characteristics and Research Value of the Trial of Japanese War Criminals in New China—Reflection on Reading The Trial of War Criminals in New China and the Practice of Peace after Returning to Japan

作　　者：严海建 Yan Haijian

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学历史学系

出　　处：《日本侵华南京大屠杀研究》2024年第3期129-138,144,共11页Journal of Japanese Invasion of China and Nanjing Massacre

基　　金：南京师范大学2022年度教改研究项目“基于中国史与世界史学科融合的《中国近代史》课程教学改革研究”(2022NSDJG010)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：石田隆至、张宏波合著的《新中国的战犯审判与归国后的和平实践》是迄今有关新中国审判日本战犯最重要的研究成果之一。两位作者通过对数十位日本战犯的深入采访以及对大量一手档案资料的研究,还原了新中国对日本战犯审判的历史过程及其深远影响。新中国审判是经过了较长时间的教育改造,在认罪和反省的基础上,对大部分战犯免于起诉,且一个不杀。在战后日本社会上层推卸战争罪责、下层“受害者”意识占据主导的环境下,回到日本的绝大多数战犯坚持认罪和反省的和平实践。该书论证了新中国战犯审判与战犯归国后的和平实践之间的内在关联性,对以战犯个人为主体的改造心路及归国后在新环境如何面对自身罪责的问题用力尤深,填补了空白。The Trial of War Criminals in New China and the Practice of Peace after Returning to Japan,co-authored by s Ishida Ryuji and Zhang Hongbo,is one of the most important research achievement on the trial of Japanese war criminals in New China.Through in-depth interviews with dozens of Japanese war criminals and research on a large number of first-hand archival materials,the two authors restored the historical process and the profound impact of the trial of Japanese war criminals in New China.The trial in New China was a practice of the future-oriented“exempted most of war criminals from prosecution and no one was sentenced to death after the educational transformation for a relatively long time and on the basis of their confession and reflection.”encouraging under the background of the upper echelons of Japanese society to shirk the responsibility for the war crimes and the lower echelons dominated by a sense of‘victim’consciousness,this trial was a practice of peace in which the vast majority of Japanese war criminals returning to Japan insisted on their confession and reflection.The book demonstrates the intrinsic correlation between the trial of war criminals in New China and the practice of peace after returning to Japan,and especially centers on remodeling the individual war criminals and how to face their own criminal responsibility in the new environment after returning to Japan,which fills in the gaps for the studies on the issues.

关 键 词：日本侵华战争 战争罪行 日本战犯审判 战后日本社会 和平运动 

分 类 号：K27[历史地理—历史学] E313[历史地理—中国史] D731.3[军事—军事理论] D829.313[政治法律—政治学]