北京市朝阳区城乡结合部4~6岁儿童行为异常现状及影响因素分析  

Analysis on the current situation and influencing factors of abnormal behavior in children aged 4-6 years in the urban-rural fringe of Chaoyang District,Beijing

作　　者：邱丹 屈艾彬 谢孟杰[2] 张玲 Qiu Dan;Qu Aibin;Xie Mengjie;Zhang Ling(School of Public Health,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100069,China)

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学公共卫生学院流行病与卫生统计学系,北京100069 [2]北京市朝阳区第三医院 [3]北京市朝阳区管庄第二社区卫生服务中心保健科

出　　处：《北京医学》2024年第7期585-589,共5页Beijing Medical Journal

摘　　要：目的了解4~6岁儿童行为异常现状及影响因素。方法采取分层整群抽样方法,选取2018年11—12月北京市朝阳区城乡结合部7所幼儿园4~6岁儿童,采用Achenbach儿童行为量表(child behavior checklist,CBCL)对儿童家长进行问卷调查,采用多因素logistic回归方程分析儿童行为异常的影响因素。结果共调查889名儿童,其中男472名、女417名,平均年龄(4.6±0.7)岁。存在行为异常85例,行为异常检出率为9.56%。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄5~<6岁(OR=2.070,95%CI:1.200~3.571,P=0.009)、出生时缺氧或窒息(OR=7.888,95%CI:3.488~17.838,P<0.001)、看电子屏幕时间>120 min/d(OR=3.265,95%CI:1.625~6.560,P=0.001),暴力型家庭教养方式(OR=17.937,95%CI:3.111~103.439,P=0.001)和矛盾型家庭教养方式(OR=10.653,95%CI:4.294~26.428,P<0.001)是儿童行为异常的危险因素,民主型家庭教养方式(OR=0.414,95%CI:0.215~0.794,P=0.008)是儿童行为问题的保护因素。结论北京市朝阳区城乡结合部4~6岁儿童行为异常检出率较低。4~6岁儿童行为异常的发生与多种因素相关,可通过孕期保健、改善家庭教育和降低儿童电子屏幕时间等方法减少儿童行为异常的发生。Objective To understand the present situation and influencing factors of abnormal behavior in children aged 4-6 years.Methods Children aged 4-6 years old from seven kindergartens in the urban-rural fringe of Chaoyang District,Beijing were selected by stratified cluster sampling method from November to December 2018.The Achenbach child behavior checklist(CBCL)was used to investigate the parents of children,and multivariate logistic regression equation was used to analyze the influencing factors of children's abnormal behavior.Results A total of 889 children were selected,including 472 males and 417 females,with an average age of(4.6±0.7)years.Eighty-five children had abnormal behavior,and the detection rate was 9.56%.Multivariate logistic regression analysis results showed that the age of 5~<6 years old(OR=2.070,95%CI:1.200-3.571,P=0.009),hypoxia or asphyxia at birth(OR=7.888,95%CI:3.488-17.838,P<0.001),and time of watching electronic screen>120 min/d(OR=3.265,95%CI:1.625-6.560,P=0.001),violent family rearing pattern(OR=17.937,95%CI:3.111-103.439,P=0.001)and contradictory family rearing pattern(OR=10.653,95%CI:4.294-26.428,P<0.001)were risk factors while democratic family rearing pattern(OR=0.414,95%CI:0.215-0.794,P=0.008)was a protective factor for children's abnormal behavior.Conclusions The detection rate of abnormal behavior in children aged 4-6 years in the urban-rural fringe of Chaoyang District,Beijing is low.The occurrence of children's abnormal behavior is related to many factors.We should try to reduce the occurrence of children's abnormal behavior through pregnancy care,family education and decreased children's electronic screen time.

关 键 词：行为异常 影响因素 城乡结合部 家庭教育 儿童 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]