金刚石结构与功能研究综述  

A review of the structure and properties of diamond

作　　者：刘晓兵 张晓冉 张楚潼 LIU Xiaobing;ZHANG Xiaoran;ZHANG Chutong(School of Physics and Engineering,Qufu Normal University,273165,Qufu,Shandong,PRC)

机构地区：[1]曲阜师范大学物理工程学院,山东省曲阜市273165

出　　处：《曲阜师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第4期13-21,F0002,共10页Journal of Qufu Normal University(Natural Science)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(11974208);山东省自然科学基金优秀青年基金(ZR2020YQ05);山东省高等学校“青创科技计划”(2019KJJ020);山东省自然科学基金(ZR2019MA054).

摘　　要：金刚石是一种碳的同素异形体基于其sp^(3)共价结构,兼具各种卓越性能,是自然界最坚硬的材料,具有最大的热导率和最宽透光波段.传统的金刚石已经广泛应用于各个行业和领域,有趣的是,微量的元素掺杂会进一步丰富金刚石的性能,形成具有特殊功能的金刚石,如半导体金刚石和量子金刚石.这种集合了传统金刚石卓越性能的功能金刚石材料,在半导体器件、量子精密探测和量子计算领域具有巨大的应用潜力.该文介绍了金刚石的结构、性能以及功能金刚石的发展和应用,并探讨了半导体金刚石和量子金刚石所面临的机遇和挑战.Diamond,an allotrope of carbon,exhibits many exceptional properties due to its sp^(3)covalent structure.As the hardest known natural material,it also possesses the highest thermal conductivity and an extensive optical transparency range.Traditional diamonds have found widespread use across various industries and fields.Even more interestingly,the doping of trace elements can further enrich the properties of diamonds,forming special-function diamonds,such as semiconducting diamonds and quantum grade diamonds.These functional diamond materials,which incorporate the excellent properties of traditional diamonds,hold tremendous application potential in semiconductor devices,quantum sensing,and quantum computing.This article primarily introduces the structure and properties of diamonds,as well as the development and application of functional diamonds.Additionally,it discusses the opportunities and challenges faced by semiconducting diamonds and quantum diamonds in their respective domains.

关 键 词：金刚石 掺杂 半导体金刚石 量子金刚石 

分 类 号：O521.22[理学—高压高温物理] O522.2[理学—物理]