智能精密播种机的优化设计  

Optimal Design of Intelligent Precision Seeder

作　　者：吴政[1] Wu Zheng(Inner Mongolia Technical College of Mechanics&Electrics,Hohhot 010070,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古机电职业技术学院,呼和浩特010070

出　　处：《农机化研究》2025年第1期114-119,共6页Journal of Agricultural Mechanization Research

基　　金：内蒙古自治区教育厅科研项目(NJZY23065)。

摘　　要：智能精密播种机是一种自动化的农业设备,可大幅提高种植效率、减少种植成本。但是,目前智能精密播种机依赖高精度的传感器、控制系统和算法来实现准确的种子投放和深度控制,需要较高的技术要求和技术支持,且对于一些不规则形状的种子或大粒小种的种子,适应性较差。为此,提出了一种智能精密播种机优化方案,并使用高精度传感器和控制系统实现多功能播种,控制种子的投放量和调整播种深度,使用节能设备模块化设计和使用易于更换的部件、数据分析功能和简单易用的用户界面。最后,通过田间试验进行功能性试验,结果表明:经过优化后的智能精密播种机播种变异系数≤5%,满足播种农艺要求,可以实现准确的种子投放和深度控制,避免种植密度不均匀和深度不一致等问题,从而提高种植效率和作物品质。Intelligent precision seeder is an automated agricultural equipment that can significantly improve planting efficiency and reduce planting cost.However,the current intelligent precision seeder relies on high-precision sensors,control systems and algorithms to achieve accurate seed placement and depth control,which requires high technical requirements and technical support,and is poorly adapted to some irregularly shaped seeds or large and small seeds.Therefore,this study proposes an optimized solution for an intelligent precision seeder.This study uses high-precision sensors and control systems,achieves multi-functional seeding,controls seed placement and adjusts seeding depth,uses energy-efficient equipment,modular design and easily replaceable components,data analysis function and easy-to-use user interface.Finally conducts functional tests through field trials,and the results show that the optimized intelligent precision seeder sowing coefficient of variation≤5% and met the agronomic requirements for sowing.The research results can achieve accurate seed placement and depth control to avoid problems such as uneven planting density and inconsistent depth,thus improving planting efficiency and crop quality.

关 键 词：智能精密播种机 优化设计 精度 多功能性 种植效率 

分 类 号：S223.25[农业科学—农业机械化工程]