三七土壤参数测定及挖掘铲优化研究  

Determination of Soil Parameters of Panax Notoginseng and Optimization of Digging Shovel

作　　者：刘梦飞 周伟[1] 李西兴 Liu Mengfei;Zhou Wei;Li Xixing(School of Mechanical Engineering,Hubei University of Technology,Wuhan 430068,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北工业大学机械工程学院,武汉430068

出　　处：《农机化研究》2025年第1期165-172,共8页Journal of Agricultural Mechanization Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(5180052507)。

摘　　要：针对三七挖掘过程中挖掘铲所受阻力过大的问题,对传统的平面三七挖掘铲进行了优化。首先,对三七土壤参数进行了试验测定,并通过离散元仿真得到了土壤的堆积角,经试验验证所选土壤参数的准确性;其次,采用离散元软件EDEM建立了挖掘铲的仿真模型,计算了其在挖掘过程中所受到的阻力,通过与平面铲对比验证了该结构可以降低挖掘铲在行驶过程中所受到的阻力;再次,以行进过程中所受阻力为指标对挖掘铲进行优化,分析挖掘铲的铲面弧度、铲尖角度、铲的间距和入土角度等参数对挖掘阻力的影响,结果表明:铲面弧度为116°、铲尖角度为120°、铲的间距为86 mm、入土角度为12°时,挖掘阻力最小,相较于传统挖掘铲阻力降低了23.6%;最后,对优化后的挖掘铲进行了试验验证,结果表明:平均误差为2.78%,在5%以内,满足设计需求。研究结果可为块茎类农作物挖掘铲的设计提供参考。In order to solve the problem that the resistance of the digging shovel is too large during the digging process of panax notoginseng,the traditional plane digging shovel is optimized in this paper.Firstly,the soil parameters of panax notoginseng were tested,and the stacking angle of soil was obtained through discrete element simulation.By comparing with the test results,the accuracy of the selected soil parameters was verified.The discrete element software EDEM was used to establish the simulation model of the excavator,and the resistance of excavator during the excavation process was calculated.The comparison with the plane shovel proved that the structure can reduce the resistance of the excavator during the driving process.Then,taking the resistance in the process of moving as the index,the excavator is optimized,and the influence of parameters of the excavator,such as the radian of the shovel surface,the angle of the shovel tip,the distance between shovels,and the angle of penetration,on the excavation resistance is studied.The results show that when the radian of the shovel surface is 116°,the angle of the shovel tip is 120°,the distance between shovels is 86mm,and the angle of penetration is 12°,the excavation resistance is the minimum,which is 23.6% lower than that of the traditional excavation shovel.Finally,the optimized excavator is tested and verified,and the average error is 2.78%,within 5%,meeting the design requirements.The study provides a reference for the design of digging shovel for tuberous crops.

关 键 词：挖掘铲 三七 阻力 离散元 

分 类 号：S225.7[农业科学—农业机械化工程] S220.3[农业科学—农业工程]