对辊式油茶果籽壳清选机的设计与试验  

Design and Experiment of Double-roller Camellia Oleifera Seed Shell Cleaning Machine

作　　者：王东 寇欣 廖伟 康地 曲振兴 汤晶宇 Wang Dong;Kou Xin;Liao Wei;Kang Di;Qu Zhenxing;Tang Jingyu(Harbin Institute of Forestry Machinery,National Forestry and Grassland Administration,Harbin 150086,China;Hunan Fengwo Machinery Manufacturing Co.Ltd.,Yueyang 414000,China;Hunan Academy of Forestry,Changsha 410004,China)

机构地区：[1]国家林业和草原局哈尔滨林业机械研究所,哈尔滨150086 [2]湖南丰沃机械制造有限公司,湖南岳阳414000 [3]湖南省林业科学院,长沙410004

出　　处：《农机化研究》2025年第2期105-113,164,共10页Journal of Agricultural Mechanization Research

基　　金：中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(CAFYBB2020SY041)。

摘　　要：针对现有油茶果籽壳清选机清选效果不佳、茶籽损伤率高问题,设计了一种采用齿光辊清选原理的对辊式油茶果籽壳清选机。同时,对油茶籽、壳的物理特性进行了研究,对清选装置辊组排布方式、齿光辊组数、清选关键部件齿辊齿形和直径分别进行了设计,分析了清选状态时油茶壳受力情况。为验证对辊式油茶果籽壳清选机是否达到了预期设计目标,设计了三因素三水平正交试验,选取清选间隙、辊轴转速、喂入量为试验因素,以茶籽破碎率和清选率为评价指标,对清选机进行现场试验。结果表明:清选间隙为3.13 mm、轴辊转速为298.25 r/min、喂入量为1.51 t/h时,对辊式油茶果籽壳清选机获得最佳清选效果,此时茶籽破损率为3.30%,清选率为96.79%。Aiming at the problems of poor cleaning effect and high damage rate of camellia oleifera seeds in the existing camellia oleifera seed shell cleaning machine,a double-roller camellia oleifera seed shell cleaning machine using the toothed smooth roller cleaning principle was designed.The physical characteristics of camellia oleifera seeds and shells were studied,the arrangement of roller groups in the cleaning device,the number of toothed roller groups,and the tooth shape and diameter of the toothed rollers,which are key components of cleaning,were designed respectively.The force on the camellia oleifera shell during the cleaning state was analyzed.In order to verify whether the double-roller camellia oleifera seed shell cleaning machine reached the expected design goal,an orthogonal experiment with three factors and three levels was designed.The cleaning gap,roller shaft speed,and feeding speed were selected as the experimental factors,and the camellia oleifera seed breakage rate and cleaning rate were used as evaluation indicators to conduct field tests on the cleaning machine.The test results show that when the cleaning gap is 3.13 mm,the rotation speed of the shaft and roller is 298.25 r/min,and the feed amount is 1.51 t/h,the double-roller camellia oleifera seed shell cleaning machine obtains the best cleaning effect.At this time,the breakage rate of camellia oleifera seeds is 3.30%,and the cleaning rate is 96.79%.

关 键 词：油茶果籽壳混合物 清选机 齿光辊清选 

分 类 号：S226.5[农业科学—农业机械化工程] S220.2[农业科学—农业工程]