双粒竖直勺盘式花生精量穴播器节本增效优化设计与应用  

Optimization Design and Application of Double Vertical Spoon Plate Peanut Precision Hole Seeder for Cost Saving and Efficiency Enhancement

作　　者：吾斯曼·吾木尔 阿拉法特·买尔旦 沙塔尔·司马义 克然木·热合木吐力 祖丽皮亚·艾合买提 Wumuer·Wusiman;Arafat·Maidan;Simayi·Shataer;Rehemutuli·Keranmu;Aihemaiti·Zulipiya(Postdoctoral Mobile Station of Xinjiang University of Finance and Economics,Urumqi 830011,China;Institute of Rural Development,Xinjiang Academy of Social Sciences,Urumqi 830011,China;College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Xinjiang Vocational&Technical College of Communications,Urumqi 830011,China;Shanshan Deliranmu Agricultural Machinery Co.Ltd.,Turpan 838011,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆财经大学博士后流动站,乌鲁木齐830011 [2]新疆社会科学院农村发展研究所,乌鲁木齐830011 [3]新疆交通职业技术学院机电工程学院,乌鲁木齐830011 [4]新疆鄯善德丽然目农机有限公司,新疆吐鲁番838011

出　　处：《农机化研究》2025年第2期114-121,共8页Journal of Agricultural Mechanization Research

基　　金：国家博士后基金项目(2020M673642XB);自治区党委农办“三农”问题项目(2021-SNKT-06);新疆社会科学院青年项目(21QYJ02)。

摘　　要：根据目前新疆地区花生双粒播种需求,针对现有穴播器结构复杂、维修困难及精量穴播合格率低等问题,通过单粒取种、双粒排种的方式,设计了一种双粒竖直勺盘式花生精量穴播器。通过阐述穴播器结构组成及工作原理,清晰阐明了花生从取种到投种整个工作过程,同时对穴播器关键部件取种盘和隔板的结构参数进行了设计。为验证穴播器结构尺寸及性能的可靠性,选取转速、取种窝眼宽度、开口角度为试验因素,以双粒率、漏播率、重播率为试验指标,进行三因素三水平正交试验,并运用Design-Expert软件进行试验分析及参数优化等,得出最优排种组合为转速26.04 r/min、取种窝眼宽度8.8 mm、开口角度52.96°。此时双粒率94.68%、漏播率2.85%、重播率2.47%,符合国家标准。In the face of the current needs of double-grain peanut seeding in Xinjiang,the existing seed-metering device cannot meet the requirements of intensive peanut production,the structure of the seed-metering device is complex,not easy to maintain,and the qualified rate of precision burrowing is low.A double-grain vertical spoon-plate type peanut precision seed-metering device is designed by means of single seed selection and double seed row.By elaborating the structure composition and working principle of the seed-metering device,the whole working process of peanut from seed-taking to seed-casting was clearly clarified.At the same time,the structural parameters of the key components of the seed-metering device,seed-taking plate and partition were designed.In order to verify the reliability of the structure size and performance of the cave planter,the rotation speed,the width of the seed socket and the opening Angle were selected as the test factors,and the double grain rate,the leakage rate and the replay rate were taken as the test indexes to carry out the orthogonal test with three factors and three levels.Design-Expert software was used to analyze the test results and optimize the parameters.The optimal seed arrangement combination was obtained:the rotation speed was 26.04 r/min,the width of the seed socket and the opening angle was 8.8 mm,and the opening angle was 52.96°.The field test was conducted to verify the optimal combination,and the test results were as follows:The double seed rate was 94.68%,the leakage rate was 2.85%,and the replay rate was 2.47%.The test results were in line with the national standard.

关 键 词：穴播器 花生 勺盘式 双粒 

分 类 号：S225.93[农业科学—农业机械化工程]