仿生犁铧耐磨性能仿真分析与试验研究  

Simulation Analysis and Experimental Research on Wear Resistance of Bionic Plowshare

作　　者：李庆达[1] 刘明辉 汪昊 王屹峰 胡军[1] 赵胜雪[1] 殷常峰 LI Qingda;LIU Minghui;WANG Hao;WANG Yifeng;HU Jun;ZHAO Shengxue;YIN Changfeng(Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University,Heilongjiang Daqing 163319,China;Shandong Xutuo New Material Technology Co.,Ltd.,Shandong Weifang 261000,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江八一农垦大学,黑龙江大庆163319 [2]山东旭拓新材料科技有限公司,山东潍坊261000

出　　处：《表面技术》2024年第19期107-116,共10页Surface Technology

基　　金：黑龙江省自然科学优秀青年基金(YQ2019E032);黑龙江八一农垦大学“三纵”科研支持计划重点专项(ZDZX202102)。

摘　　要：目的解决传统犁铧耐磨性差、使用寿命短等问题。方法以栉孔扇贝壳为仿生原型,对其表面几何特征进行提取,将棱纹几何结构特征应用于犁铧的设计。设计6种不同仿生棱纹方向及3种不同仿生棱纹间距的犁铧试样,建立离散元模型,分析土壤颗粒运动速度场以及犁铧耕作阻力图。结果表面仿生结构设计改变了土壤颗粒的流动方向,减小了土壤堆积量,降低了所需牵引力,从而提高了耐磨性能。不同仿生棱纹方向犁铧试样中,F-1竖棱纹结构试样的平均耕作阻力最小,平均耕作阻力值为1681.73 N;不同仿生棱纹间距犁铧试样中,棱纹间距为5 mm的F-1-1仿生表面接触的土壤颗粒的运动速度分布和趋势最佳。通过田间试验得出,同种仿生棱纹方向结构设计下,棱纹间距为5 mm的F-1-1试样的耐磨性能最佳,相比传统犁铧试样磨损量减少17.25%。结论合理改变表面仿生棱纹方向与间距设计可显著提高犁铧耐磨性,为仿生技术在农业机械方向上的应用提供参考。According to the data,wear and tear loss efficiency accounts for material and energy loss of 60%to 80%,and the annual wear and tear of steel accounts for 10%of the total amount of steel A,resulting in huge economic losses.Agricultural equipment in the work process can not be used normally often due to parts failure,which results from the contact of deep pine shovels,plowshares,and other typical soil contact parts with the soil and the wear and tear caused by the loss of a large proportion of efficiency.To solve the problems of poor abrasion resistance of traditional plowshare,short service life,and frequent replacement of parts during operation,the work aims to adopt the chlamys farreri flap as a bionic prototype,extract its surface geometric features,and apply the ridge geometrical structure features to the design of plowshares to reduce the wear,lower the resistance,and prolong the service life.Six kinds of plowshare specimens with different surface bionic ridge geometrical structures and three kinds of plowshare specimens with different ridge spacing under the same kind of bionic ridge geometrical structure were designed by UG three-dimensional modeling software.Nine groups of discrete element models were established by EDEM discrete element software to analyze the speed field of soil particle motion and the plowshare tillage resistance map,respectively.The surface bionic ridge geometrical structure design changed the flow direction of soil particles.When the direction of the bionic ridge was parallel to the direction of movement of soil particles,the amount of soil buildup decreased,and the required traction force lowered,thus improving the wear resistance.Among them,F-1 had the best abrasion resistance and the lowest average tillage resistance with an average tillage resistance value of 1681.73 N.The soil particles in contact with the F-1-1 bionic surface in plowshare specimens with different bionic ridge spacing had the best distribution and trend of movement speed,the high-speed movement particles were con

关 键 词：犁铧 栉孔扇贝壳 离散元 仿生 耐磨性能 

分 类 号：TH117[机械工程—机械设计及理论]