《等待野蛮人》中的伦理选择  

The Ethical Choices in Waiting for the Barbarians

作　　者：金怀梅[1] JIN Huaimei(School of Foreign Studies,Anhui Xinhua University,Hefei Anhui 230088,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽新华学院外国语学院,安徽合肥230088

出　　处：《江苏科技大学学报（社会科学版）》2024年第3期65-70,共6页Journal of Jiangsu University of Science and Technology(Social Science Edition)

基　　金：国家社科基金项目“南非英语小说民俗书写研究”(22BWW065);安徽省优秀科研创新团队项目“外国文学经典的中国化阐释”(2023AH010060);安徽省高校优秀拔尖人才培育项目“库切的伦理思想研究”(gxbjZD2022084);安徽新华学院校级科研团队项目“中外当代文学经典中的伦理思想研究”(kytd202208);安徽省科研编制计划重点项目“文化侨易学视阈下后冷战时代英国移民文学中的危机叙事与命运共同体研究(1991—2022)”(2023AH051791)。

摘　　要：库切的《等待野蛮人》聚焦的一个重要主题是酷刑及酷刑之下人物的伦理选择和伦理责任问题。面对帝国权力制造的邪恶,作为体制内一员,士兵一味服从权威,丧失伦理意识和对善恶是非的分辨,致使伦理责任失范;作为助威呐喊的旁观者群体,小镇居民集体陷入道德瘫痪和精神麻痹,成为一群脱离理性、丧失道德判断、与邪恶沆瀣一气的乌合之众。而同样身为帝国成员的老行政长官,却在极端的伦理环境中坚守人性本分,选择与帝国政权决裂,以良知和思考抵制“平庸之恶”,勇敢承担起对他者的伦理责任。人物的不同伦理选择体现了库切对人之为人的深刻思考,他对个体伦理责任的弘扬为我们面临人类普遍的伦理困境之时该如何抉择指引了方向,突显了其伦理书写的价值和意义。J.M.Coetzee s Waiting for the Barbarian attempts to explore torture as well as the ethical choices and ethical responsibilities of characters under torture as its focused theme.Faced with the evil caused by imperial power,soldiers,as the members within the system,blindly obey authority,losing their ethical awareness to distinguish between good and evil and right and wrong,which leads to anomie of their ethical responsibilities.As a crowd of onlookers cheering,the townspeople collectively fall into moral paralysis and mental slackness,and become rabbles who are divorced from rationality,losing moral judgment and collude with evil.However,the old magistrate,who is also a member of the empire,sticks to his humanity in the extreme ethical environment and chooses to break with the imperial regime,resisting“the banality of evil”with conscience and thinking,and bravely assuming the ethical responsibility for the indigenous Other.The different ethical choices of the characters reflect Coetzee s deep contemplation on human being.His promotion of individual ethical responsibility guides us how to choose when facing the universal ethical dilemma of mankind,which highlights the value and significance of his ethical writing.

关 键 词：库切 《等待野蛮人》 伦理选择 伦理责任 

分 类 号：I106.4[文学—世界文学]