无机氮和重金属对渤海不同区域沉积物中厌氧氨氧化菌的影响差异  

EFFECTS OF INORGANIC NITROGEN AND HEAVY METALS ON ANAEROBIC AMMOXIDATION BACTERIA IN SEDIMENTS IN DIFFERENT REGIONS OF BOHAI SEA

作　　者：王文静 明红霞[2] 陈泉睿 孟德龙 苏洁[2] 石婷婷 樊景凤[2] WANG Wen-Jing;MING Hong-Xia;CHEN Quan-Rui;MENG De-Long;SU Jie;SHI Ting-Ting;FAN Jing-Feng(College of Marine Technology and Environment,Dalian Ocean University,Dalian 116023,China;State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Coastal Ecosystem,National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center,Dalian 116023,China;Fujian Key Laboratory of Marine Carbon Sequestration,Carbon Neutral Innovation Research Center,Xiamen University,Xiamen 361005,China)

机构地区：[1]大连海洋大学海洋科技与环境学院,辽宁大连116023 [2]国家海洋环境监测中心近岸海域生态环境重点实验室,辽宁大连116023 [3]厦门大学碳中和创新研究中心福建省海洋碳汇重点实验室,福建厦门361005

出　　处：《海洋与湖沼》2024年第5期1150-1162,共13页Oceanologia Et Limnologia Sinica

基　　金：国家重点研发计划,2020YFA0607600号;大连市高层次人才创新支持计划,2021RD04号;辽宁省科学技术计划民生科技项目,2021JH2/10300001号。

摘　　要：厌氧氨氧化菌(anaerobic ammonium oxidation,Anammox)是驱动厌氧氨氧化过程、去除海洋沉积物中氮元素的重要引擎。为分析无机氮和重金属对厌氧氨氧化菌的影响,以渤海沉积物中厌氧氨氧化菌为研究对象,采用Illumina高通量测序技术和实时荧光定量PCR技术对渤海13个站位表层沉积物中AMX16S rDNA基因进行检测,分析其群落结构以及重金属含量对群落结构和多样性的影响。结果表明,渤海沉积物中厌氧氨氧化菌类群可归为14门、8纲、9目、5科、8属、26种,其中浮霉菌门(Planctomycetota)在渤海沉积物中占主导地位,且在中部区域丰度最高;相对丰度最高的属为Candidatus Scalindua。沉积物中重金属Hg在南部区域浓度最高。随机森林分析结果显示,南部区域厌氧氨氧化菌群落结构变化可能与沉积物中的NH4+、Hg和Cr含量密切关联,在北部区域可能与Pb含量密切相关,而在中部区域可能与NO2-含量密切相关。AMX16S rDNA丰度与重金属Cr和Cu、总氮以及沉积物粒度显著正相关(P<0.05)。研究表明,渤海具有丰富的微生物资源和厌氧氨氧化菌,具有代谢多种污染物的潜力。研究结果为认识近海污染对微生物的地理分布格局、群落生态位分化提供了依据。Anaerobic ammonium oxidation(anammox)is an essential process for removing nitrogen from marine sediments.However,the effects of inorganic nitrogen and heavy metals on anaerobic ammonium oxidation remain unclear.To assess their community structure and the impact of heavy metal content on diversity,the anaerobic ammoniumoxidizing bacteria in the sediments from 13 sampling sites in the Bohai Sea,North China was analyzed.Illumina highthroughput sequencing technology and real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR technology were employed to detect the AMX16S rDNA gene in the surface sediments.Results show that that anaerobic ammonium-oxidizing bacteria in the sediments of the Bohai Sea belonged to 14 phyla,8 classes,9 orders,5 families,8 genera,and 26 species.Planctomycetota was the predominant species in the Bohai Sea sediments,and particularly abundant in the central region.The genus Candidatus Scalindua exhibited the highest relative abundance.Heavy metal Hg concentration in sediments was highest in the southern region.Random forest analysis showed that the structural changes of the anaerobic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria community in the southern,northern,and central region may be closely related to the NH4+,Hg,Cr contents;Pb content;and NO2 content,respectively.AMX16S rDNA abundance positively correlated with Cr,Cu,TN,and sediment grain size(P<0.05).The results demonstrate abundant microbial resources and anaerobic ammonium-oxidizing bacteria in the Bohai Sea,which possess a potential to metabolize various pollutants.These findings lay the groundwork for comprehending the geographical distribution patterns and community niche differentiation of microorganisms influenced by offshore pollution.

关 键 词：渤海沉积物 厌氧氨氧化菌 环境因子 重金属 

分 类 号：P736[天文地球—海洋地质]