山东近海桡足类丰度和粒径结构的季节变化  

SEASONAL VARIATIONS IN ABUNDANCE AND SIZE STRUCTURE OF COPEPODS IN THE COASTAL WATERS OF SHANDONG

作　　者：王铄 张小青 臧文潇 宋书群[1] 杨德周[5] 张芳[1,2,3] WANG Shuo;ZHANG Xiao-Qing;ZANG Wen-Xiao;SONG Shu-Qun;YANG De-Zhou;ZHANG Fang(Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences,Institute of Oceanology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Qingdao 266071,China;Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science,Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center,Qingdao 266237,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;The Middle School Affiliated to Qingdao University,Qingdao 266071,China;Key Laboratory of Ocean Circulation and Waves,Institute of Oceanology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Qingdao 266071,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院海洋研究所海洋生态与环境科学重点实验室,山东青岛266071 [2]青岛海洋科技中心海洋生态环境科学功能实验室,山东青岛266237 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [4]青岛大学附属中学,山东青岛266071 [5]中国科学院海洋研究所海洋环流与波动重点实验室,山东青岛266071

出　　处：《海洋与湖沼》2024年第5期1201-1212,共12页Oceanologia Et Limnologia Sinica

基　　金：崂山实验室科技创新项目,LSKJ202203700号,LSKJ202203700-4号;国家自然科学基金项目,42076166号。

摘　　要：海洋桡足类为经济鱼类的重要饵料,直接影响着渔业资源及经济养殖生物的产出数量和质量。然而,目前关于山东近海桡足类生物量和空间分布的研究主要集中在胶州湾、莱州湾和荣成湾等典型海湾,对山东近海桡足类的系统研究未见报道。为了解山东近海桡足类数量空间分布的季节动态,基于ZooScan图像技术分析了2022~2023年山东近海4个航次的浮游动物样品,研究了桡足类丰度、体积生物量、粒径组成和时空变化及其与环境因子间关系,并构建了标准化粒径谱以表征桡足类的相对粒径分布和能量传递效率。结果表明,春季(5月)、夏季(8月)山东近海桡足类丰度高于冬季(2月和12月),丰度高值区主要集中在渤海测区。Spearman相关性检验结果显示,春季桡足类丰度与表层海水盐度呈显著负相关关系,夏季则与表层海水温度呈显著负相关关系。此外,春季桡足类标准化粒径谱截距最大、斜率最高,表征出春季近海桡足类的生产力水平、向更高营养级的能量传递效率皆高于夏、冬季。夏季桡足类标准化粒径谱截距与表层海水盐度呈显著正相关关系。该海域桡足类的数量动态变化可为渔业资源生产提供理论依据。Marine copepods play a crucial role as essential bait for economically valuable fish species,which directly influence the output quantity and quality of both fisheries resources and economically farmed organisms.However,current research on copepods biomass and spatial distribution focuses on mainly typical bays such as Jiaozhou Bay,Laizhou Bay,and Rongcheng Bay,with a lack of comprehensive studies on copepods in the overall coastal waters of Shandong Province.To investigate the seasonal dynamics of copepod abundance and spatial distribution in the coastal waters of Shandong Province,we utilized ZooScan image analysis on plankton samples collected in four research cruises conducted in 2022~2023.The seasonal variations in copepod abundance,volume biomass,size composition,and distribution patterns were explored and the relationships between these factors and environmental variables were examined.The normalized biovolume size spectra(NBSS)were constructed to characterize the relative size distribution and energy transfer efficiency of copepod.Results indicate that copepod abundance in the coastal waters was higher in spring(May)and summer(August)than in winter(February and December),and high abundance was concentrated in mainly the Bohai Sea area.Spearman correlation analysis revealed a significant negative correlation between copepod abundance in spring and surface seawater salinity,while in summer,a significant negative correlation with surface seawater temperature was observed.Moreover,the NBSS slope of copepods in spring was the shallowest and the intercept was the largest,indicating that the productivity level and energy transfer efficiency of copepods to higher trophic levels were higher in spring than in summer and winter.The copepod NBSS intercepts in summer were significantly positively correlated with surface seawater salinity.The dynamic changes of copepod abundance in this area can provide a theoretical basis for fisheries resource production.

关 键 词：桡足类 体积生物量 粒径谱 季节动态 

分 类 号：Q958.8[生物学—动物学]