高效氨氧化细菌筛选优化及其应用研究  

SCREENING AND OPTIMIZATION OF EFFICIENT HETEROTROPHIC AMMONIA OXIDIZING BACTERIA AND APPLICATION

作　　者：刘勇 江兴龙[1,2] 黄秋溶[1,2] 杨若兰 LIU Yong;JIANG Xing-Long;HUANG Qiu-Rong;YANG Ruo-Lan(Fisheries College,Jimei University,Xiamen 361021,China;Engineering Research Center of the Modern Technology for Eel Industry,Ministry of Education,Xiamen 361021,China)

机构地区：[1]集美大学水产学院,福建厦门361021 [2]鳗鲡现代产业技术教育部工程研究中心,福建厦门361021

出　　处：《海洋与湖沼》2024年第5期1236-1244,共9页Oceanologia Et Limnologia Sinica

基　　金：福建省生态环境厅2024年度环保科技计划项目,2024R005号;国家重点研发计划课题,2020YFD0900102号;鳗鲡现代产业技术教育部工程研究中心开放基金,RE202102号,RE202202号。

摘　　要：为了实现水产养殖水质或尾水中氨氮的高效快速降解,开展了氨氧化细菌的筛选优化及其在养殖尾水处理中的应用研究。从池塘活性淤泥中,主要通过应用格里斯试剂显色反应筛选得到一株具有异养硝化作用的氨氧化细菌NH-1,开展了16S rDNA分子生物学菌种鉴定;药敏和溶血性的安全性试验;氨氮降解条件优化及工厂化养殖尾水应用研究。结果表明,菌株NH-1属于假单胞菌(Pseudomonas sp.);仅对亚胺培南表现出耐药性其他抗生素敏感,且为γ型溶血菌株不产生溶血素;以葡萄糖为碳源、水温24.9°C、pH 8.1、C/N 9.1和接种量0.7%的实验室条件下,水力停留时间24 h对养殖尾水的氨氮降解率为96.3%;工厂化鳗鲡养殖尾水处理应用实验中,水力停留时间24 h对氨氮降解率为95.9%。表明菌株NH-1能安全高效降解水产养殖尾水中的氨氮,具备良好的应用前景。In order to achieve efficient and rapid degradation of ammonia nitrogen in aquaculture water or tailwater,the screening and optimization of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria and its application in aquaculture tailwater treatment were studied.A strain of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria NH-1 with heterotrophic nitrification was screened from pond active sludge.Strain NH-1 was identified as Pseudomonas sp.by 16S rDNA molecular biology.Strain NH-1 was sensitive to most antibiotics and was aγ-hemolytic strain that did not produce hemolysin.Under laboratory conditions with glucose as the carbon source,water temperature of 24.9°C,pH 8.1,C/N 9.1,and inoculation volume of 0.7%,the degradation rate of ammonia nitrogen in aquaculture tailwater was 96.3%after 24 h of hydraulic retention time.In the application experiment of industrial eel farming tailwater treatment,the degradation rate of ammonia nitrogen was 95.9%after 24 h of hydraulic retention time.The results showed that strain NH-1 could degrade ammonia nitrogen in aquaculture tailwater safely and efficiently,and had good application prospects.

关 键 词：异养 氨氧化细菌 氨氮 硝化作用 养殖尾水 

分 类 号：S949[农业科学—水产养殖] S955[农业科学—水产科学]