海洋电火花震源地震数据子波处理技术及应用  

Wavelet Processing Technology and Application of Marine Spark Source Seismic Datav

作　　者：张立霞 曾维辉 刘金朋 张兴岩 杜广辉 王发坤 Zhang Lixia;Zeng Weihui;Liu Jinpeng;Zhang Xingyan;Du Guanghui;Wang Fakun(Gephysical Rsearch Istituteen,Geophysical-COSL,Zhanjiang Guangdong 524075,China)

机构地区：[1]中海油田服务股份有限公司物探事业部物探研究院,广东湛江524075

出　　处：《工程地球物理学报》2024年第5期764-774,共11页Chinese Journal of Engineering Geophysics

基　　金：中海油服科研项目(编号:WTB20YF006)。

摘　　要：与海洋地震勘探中传统的气枪震源相比,海洋电火花震源由于其声学特性,在激发过程中会产生多个压力脉冲,同时由于海洋地震勘探中鬼波的干扰,使得电火花震源子波中具有更多的旁瓣,限制了地震子波的带宽,降低了地震数据的分辨率。电火花震源子波处理一般使用反褶积,但是反褶积技术单一,不能有效解决电火花震源子波复杂的问题。基于此,介绍了电火花震源子波复杂的原因,使用鬼波压制技术、tau-p域预测反褶积技术、零相位化技术对电火花震源子波进行处理,解决电火花数据子波形态不规则的问题,对鬼波进行了有效压制,恢复了电火花震源的子波频带,获得了宽频地震数据,提高了地震数据的分辨率,丰富了低频信息,提高了同相轴的识别能力。Compared with the traditional air gun source in marine seismic exploration,marine electric spark source generates multiple pressure pulses during the excitation process due to its acoustic characteristics.At the same time,due to the interference of ghost waves in marine seismic exploration,electric spark source wavelet has more sidelobes,limiting the bandwidth of seismic wavelet and reducing the resolution of seismic data.The wavelet processing of electric spark sources generally uses deconvolution,but due to its simple technology cannot effectively solve the problem of complex electric spark source wavelets.This article uses ghost wave suppression technology,tau-p domain prediction deconvolution technology,and zero phase transformation technology to process electric spark source wavelets,solving the problem of irregular waveform of electric spark data wavelets,which has a good suppression effect on ghost wave effects,restoring the wavelet frequency band of the electric spark source,obtaining broadband seismic data,improving the resolution of seismic data,enriching low-frequency information and improving the recognition ability of event events.

关 键 词：海洋 电火花震源 子波处理 

分 类 号：P631.4[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]