多种勘察方法探测高铁隧道基底岩溶——以华家山隧道为例  

Integration of Some Survey Methods to Detect the High-speed Railway Tunnel Basement Karst A Case Study of the Huajiashan Tunnel

作　　者：王凯[1] Wang Kai(China Railway First Survey and Design Institute Group Co.,Ltd.,Xi’an Shaanxi 710043,China)

机构地区：[1]中铁第一勘察设计院集团有限公司,陕西西安710043

出　　处：《工程地球物理学报》2024年第5期810-819,共10页Chinese Journal of Engineering Geophysics

基　　金：中铁一院科研项目(编号:16-16)。

摘　　要：在铁路隧道工程中,岩溶发育对施工和运营安全构成极大的威胁。本文通过实际案例,详细介绍了一种综合勘察技术,以准确探测铁路隧道基底岩溶的分布范围。首先,利用地质调查法对隧道周围的地质环境进行初步评估,识别潜在的岩溶发育区域。随后,利用地质雷达进行精细化探测。通过获取的雷达数据,可以清晰地识别出隧道内岩体的溶洞发育位置,为后续的施工处理提供精确的指导。为了更深入地了解隧道岩溶的大小和形态,采用钻探法进行验证,通过钻孔揭示的岩芯,可以详细了解溶洞的规模、洞深、洞内填充与否等信息,为隧道设计及防排水工程提供关键的设计依据。本文以华家山隧道为例,通过地质调查、地质雷达和钻探的综合应用,成功地探测了隧道内的岩溶发育情况。该技术不仅提高了隧道施工的安全性,还为优化隧道设计方案提供了科学依据。In railway tunnel engineering,Karst development is a serious problem,which poses a great threat to the railway construction and its safe operation.In this paper,a comprehensive survey technique is introduced to accurately detect the distribution range of karst in the basement of railway tunnels through practical cases.Firstly,the geological survey method was used to make a preliminary assessment of the geological environment around the tunnel and identify the potential Karst development area.Subsequently,the geological radar was used for refined detection.Through the acquired radar data,the Karst cave development position of the rock mass in the tunnel can be clearly identified,which provides accurate guidance for subsequent construction treatment.In order to have a deeper understanding of the size and morphology of the tunnel karst,the drilling method is used for verification,and the core revealed by the borehole can be used to understand the scale,depth of the cave,whether the cave is filled or not,which provides a key design basis for tunnel design and drainage prevention and drainage engineering.Taking the Huajiashan tunnel as an example,this paper successfully detects the Karst development in the tunnel through the comprehensive application of geological survey,geological radar and drilling.This comprehensive detection technology not only improves the safety of tunnel construction,but also provides a scientific basis for optimizing the tunnel design scheme.

关 键 词：华家山岩溶隧道 地质调查 地质雷达 钻探 

分 类 号：P631.3[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]