脑膜免疫在病毒感染性疾病中的作用研究进展  

Advances in the role of meningeal immunity in viral infectious diseases

作　　者：元航 李梦苑 雷迎峰 张欠欠[1] YUAN Hang;LI Mengyuan;LEI Yingfeng;ZHANG Qianqian(Department of Pathogenic Biology,Medical College of Yan’an University,Yan’an 716000;Department of Microbiology and Pathogenic Biology,Basic Medical Science Academy,Air Force Medical University,Xi’an 710032;Department of Infectious Diseases,Tangdu Hospital,Air Force Medical University,Xi’an 710038,China)

机构地区：[1]延安大学医学院病原生物学教研室,陕西延安716000 [2]空军军医大学基础医学院微生物与病原生物学教研室,陕西西安710032 [3]空军军医大学唐都医院传染科,陕西西安710038

出　　处：《细胞与分子免疫学杂志》2024年第9期849-853,共5页Chinese Journal of Cellular and Molecular Immunology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81871697)。

摘　　要：大脑是受血脑屏障保护的中枢神经系统,脑实质被由外到内的三层重叠的硬脑膜、蛛网膜和软脑膜所包裹,这些膜统称为脑膜。近年来一系列突破性研究发现,脑膜中存在淋巴系统及免疫细胞,参与脑脊液及外周血液的物质交换,发挥免疫监视作用,提示大脑不再是与外周免疫相互隔离的“免疫豁免器官”。基于脑膜的独特位置、结构组成以及脑膜免疫细胞的功能特征,脑膜免疫如何在稳态和病理条件下影响中枢神经系统的功能逐渐成为研究热点,为中枢神经系统疾病的致病机制和干预靶点提供了新的方向。本文将对脑膜免疫的基本构成和功能进行综述,并主要总结了脑膜免疫在不同病毒感染性疾病中的作用及进展。The brain is protected by the blood-brain barrier and surrounded by the meninges,which are classically composed of dura,arachnoid and pia mater from superficial to deep layers.In recent years,a series of scientific breakthroughs has demonstrated the presence of the lymphatic system and immune cells in the meninges.Meningeal lymphatic vessels have recently been recognized as important participants in exchange of materials between cerebrospinal fluid and peripheral blood,as well as in immune surveillance.These studies suggest that the brain is no longer considered an“immune-privileged organ”isolated from peripheral immune systems.Given its unique location,structural composition and immunological characteristics,how meningeal immunity affects the central nervous system under homeostatic and pathological conditions is increasingly being investigated as a source of potential pathogenic mechanisms and new targets for interventions in central nervous system diseases.This article reviews the basic components and functions of meningeal immunity,and summarizes the role and advancement of meningeal immunity in different viral infectious diseases.

关 键 词：脑膜免疫 病毒感染 中枢神经系统 综述 

分 类 号：R512.99[医药卫生—内科学] G353.11[医药卫生—临床医学]