南方红壤侵蚀流域不同情景措施的减沙效应模拟  

Simulation of Sediment Reduction Effect Under Different Scenarios in Red Soil Erosion Watershed in South China

作　　者：梁美霞[1] 章鑫强 林炳青 LIANG Meixia;ZHANG Xinqiang;LIN Bingqing(College of Resource and Environmental Science,Quanzhou Normal University,Fujian Quanzhou 362000,China)

机构地区：[1]泉州师范学院资源与环境科学学院,福建泉州362000

出　　处：《中国农业科技导报》2024年第10期177-185,共9页Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology

基　　金：福建省科技厅自然基金(面上)项目(2020J01780);福建省中青年教师教育科研项目(科技类)(JAT210301);福建省大学生创新创业训练计划项目(S202210399048);泉州师范学院科研启动项目(H22011)。

摘　　要：为揭示南方红壤侵蚀流域不同情景措施的减沙效应,实现区域可持续发展,采用SWAT(soil and water assessment tool)模型模拟方法,以南方典型花岗岩红壤侵蚀流域——福建长汀朱溪流域为研究区域,在模拟该流域产流产沙状况的基础上,通过不同水土保持措施和不同土地利用方式调整的情景设置,量化分析不同情景措施对该流域的减沙效应。结果表明,SWAT模型的模拟效果能达到模型要求的精度,2013—2017年朱溪流域年均径流量和年均泥沙量分别为4.793×10^(7)m^(3)和1.037×10^(7)kg。乔灌草混交和全坡面种草措施能有效提高植被覆盖度,减沙效果优越;不同土地利用方式下模拟得到朱溪流域单位面积年均减沙率为3.49%。以上研究结果可为红壤侵蚀流域泥沙阻控的生态恢复措施提供决策参考。In order to reveal the sediment reduction effect of different scenario measures in southern red soil erosion watershed and realize regional sustainable development,a typical granite red soil erosion watershed in southern China(Zhuxi watershed,Chiangting,Fujian)was selected as the study area.Based on the soil and water assessment tool(SWAT)model,the sediment production and drainage conditions in the watershed were simulated,and the sediment reduction effects of different scenarios were quantified through different soil and water conservation measures and different land use adjustment scenarios.The results showed that the simulation reached the precision level required by the SWAT model and the average annual runoff volume and amount of sediment in the Zhuxi watershed from 2013 to 2017 were 4.793×10^(7)m^(3)and 1.037×10^(7)kg,respectively.Under scenarios simulation,the“compound”measure of mixed tree,shrub and grass and the measure of grassing the whole slope could improve the vegetation coverage and reduce the sediment loss more effectively.Moreover,the average annual sediment reduction rate per unit area reached 3.49%under different land use modes.Above results could provide reference for the ecological restoration measures of sediment control in red soil erosion watershed.

关 键 词：SWAT模型 产沙模拟 水土保持措施 土地利用 红壤侵蚀流域 

分 类 号：S154.1[农业科学—土壤学]