利益相关者理论视角下中国足球协会软法自治的困境与出路  

The Dilemma and Outlet of Soft Law Autonomy of Chinese Football Association from the Perspective of Stakeholder Theory

作　　者：张昀 黄亚玲[2] ZHANG Yun;HUANG Yaling(School of Management,Beijing Sport University,Beijing 100084,China;Chinese Academy of Sport Strategy,Beijing Sport University,Beijing 100084,China)

机构地区：[1]北京体育大学管理学院,北京100084 [2]北京体育大学中国体育战略研究院,北京100084

出　　处：《山东体育学院学报》2024年第5期97-105,共9页Journal of Shandong Sport University

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目(编号:21&ZD342)。

摘　　要：软法自治是推进全国性单项体育协会治理现代化的重要手段。作为软法体系最为完备的单项协会,中国足协却未能发挥其优势。鉴于中国足协是典型的利益相关者组织,该研究基于利益相关者理论,运用文献资料和文本分析方法,在对影响中国足协软法自治的利益相关者进行梳理分类的基础上,剖析了中国足协软法自治中存在的现实问题,并提出相应的改善措施。研究认为:(1)所有利益相关者中,核心利益相关者和预期利益相关者是影响中国足协软法自治的重要力量;(2)中国足协软法自治存在诸多现实问题,包括软法自治与国家法治衔接不畅、软法制定与实施过程缺乏动力、软法文本存在缺陷等。据此,研究提出相应的纾困对策:确立多元主体参与软法自治的理念,增强与其他规制模式的互动;优化软法建设的民主参与机制,保障利益相关者充分参与软法自治;完善软法文本,明晰多元主体的利益诉求。Soft law autonomy is an important means to promote the governance modernization of national individual sports associations.As the individual association with the most complete soft law system,the Chinese football association failed to play its advantage.In view of the fact that the Chinese football association is a typical stakeholder organization,this paper is based on stakeholder theory and literature and text analysis methods,analyzes the practical problems existing in the soft law autonomy of Chinese football association,and puts forward corresponding improvement measures,on the basis of classifying the stakeholders that affect the soft law autonomy of Chinese football association.The paper shows that:(1)Among all the stakeholders,the core and expected stakeholders are the important forces affecting the soft law autonomy of Chinese football association;(2)There are many practical problems in the soft law autonomy of the Chinese football association,including the poor connection between the soft law autonomy and the national rule of law,the lack of motivation in the process of the formulation and implementation of the soft law,and the defects in the soft law text.Accordingly,the paper puts forward corresponding[JP2]countermeasures:establish the concept of multi-subject participation in soft law autonomy,and enhance the interaction[JP]with other regulatory models;Optimize the democratic participation mechanism of soft law construction to ensure that stakeholders fully participate in the autonomy of soft law;Improve the soft law text and clarify the interests of multiple subjects.

关 键 词：中国足球协会 利益相关者理论 软法 软法体系 自治 单项协会 

分 类 号：G80-051[文化科学—运动人体科学]