隔代照料对中国育龄女性再生育行为的影响研究  

The Impact of Grandparent-Provided Child Care on the Reproductive Behavior of Chinese Women of Childbearing Age

作　　者：张永梅[1,2] 顾和军 ZhANG Yongmei;GU Hejun

机构地区：[1]湖州师范学院经济管理学院 [2]浙江大学社会治理研究院 [3]南京信息工程大学商学院 [4]南京信息工程大学共同富裕研究院

出　　处：《治理研究》2024年第5期70-82,158,159,共15页Governance Studies

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“‘双减’政策下家庭教育成本变动与生育潜能释放效应研究”(编号:22BRK036)。

摘　　要：随着妇女走出家庭成为职业女性,祖辈隔代照料成为家庭与生育的重要支持力量。研究利用中国家庭追踪数据(CFPS)2016年、2018年、2020年三期调查数据,实证分析了隔代照料对中国育龄女性再生育行为的实际影响。研究发现:隔代照料能够使育龄女性再生育水平提升5.6%~5.8%。进一步的异质性研究发现:隔代照料对低收入水平家庭、低受教育水平的育龄女性再生育行为的影响更为明显。在社会托育服务相对匮乏的情况下,隔代照料对女性的再生育决策和行为发挥了重要作用。我国重建社会托育服务体系尚需时日,在过渡阶段有必要以“家国一体”思想为引导,将具有即时性、安全性和低成本的隔代照料纳入普惠性托育服务体系建设之中,这是补齐我国基本公共服务短板、破解婴幼儿照料难题和提振人口生育率的有效路径。As women step out of family work and become professionals,grandparent-provided child care has become an important support force for families and childbirth.This study used the China Family Panel Studies(CFPS)survey data from 2016,2018,and 2020,to analyze the impact of intergenerational care on the reproductive behavior of Chinese women of childbearing age.Grandparent-provided child care increased the fertility rate of women of childbearing age from 5.6%to 5.8%.Further,the study’s heterogeneity analysis found that grandparent-provided child care has a more significant impact on the reproductive behavior of women of childbearing age from low-income families and those with low education levels.In the context of relatively scarce social childcare services,grandparent-provided child care plays an important role in women’s reproductive decision-making and behavior.It will take time for China to rebuild its social childcare service system.In the transitional stage,it is necessary to guide the concept of“family state integration”and incorporate grandparent-provided child care that is timely,safe,and low-cost into the construction of a universal childcare service system.This is an effective path to fill the gaps in China’s basic public services,to solve the problem of infant and child care,and to improve the population’s fertility rate.

关 键 词：隔代照料 再生育行为 积极生育支持 育龄女性 

分 类 号：C924[社会学—人口学]