青海海北高寒草地12种植物花期物候对氮磷养分添加的响应  

Responses of 12 plant species flowering phenology to nitrogen and phosphorus nutrient additions in alpine grassland of Haibei,Qinghai

作　　者：李永慧 袁学凤 程蓉 李宏林 武学霞 任飞 李希来 李兰平[1] LI Yonghui;YUAN Xuefeng;CHENG Rong;LI Honglin;WU Xuexia;REN Fei;LI Xilai;LI Lanping(State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture,Qinghai University,Xining 810016,Qinghai,China;College of Eco-Environmental Engineering,Qinghai University,Xining 810016,Qinghai,China;College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry,Qinghai University,Xining 810016,Qinghai,China;College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,Gansu,China;College of Grassland Science,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,Xinjiang,China)

机构地区：[1]青海大学省部共建三江源生态与高原农牧业国家重点实验室,青海西宁810016 [2]青海大学生态环境工程学院,青海西宁810016 [3]青海大学农牧学院,青海西宁810016 [4]兰州大学草地农业科技学院,甘肃兰州730000 [5]新疆农业大学草业学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《草业科学》2024年第9期2072-2083,共12页Pratacultural Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31960339、42267008);2021年第一批林业草原生态保护恢复资金自然资源调查监测项目(QHXH-2021-018);海南州科技局(2023-KZ01-A);高等学校学科创新引智计划项目(D18013)。

摘　　要：阐明氮、磷养分供给改变对高寒植物和植物群落花期物候期的影响是研究高寒草地生态系统响应全球变化的重要内容之一。为预测大气氮、磷沉降持续增加下高寒植物花期物候的演变和高寒草地植物群落花期物候格局,本研究在青海省门源县高寒草地采用定株标记法对12种高寒植物在9种不同氮、磷养分添加下的花期物候进行了观测。结果表明:1)氮、磷养分添加对整体花期物候的影响以使始花期提前、花期持续时间延长、终花期无显著变化为主(P>0.05);2)不同氮、磷养分添加对高寒植物花期物候的影响基本一致,氮、磷养分添加对高寒植物花期物候无显著交互作用影响(P>0.05);3)在物种水平上,不同氮、磷养分添加处理下大部分物种始花期提前、花期持续时间延长,终花期无一致变化趋势。因此,研究区域高寒草地在大气氮、磷沉降持续增加情况下,植物群落始花期倾向于提前、花期持续时间延长、终花期变化不明显;不同物种始花期、花期持续时间变化较为一致,但终花期的响应会出现一定的差异。Elucidating the effect in nitrogen and phosphorus nutrient supply changes on the flowering phenology of alpine plants and plant communities is essential when studying the responses of alpine grassland ecosystems to global change.To predict the evolution and pattern of flowering phenology of alpine plants and plant communities in alpine grassland under the continuous increase of atmospheric nitrogen and phosphorus deposition,we observed the flowering phenology of 12 species using the fixed plant marker method under nine different nitrogen and phosphorus nutrient addition treatments in alpine grassland in Menyuan County,Qinghai Province.Results showed that:1)The effect of nitrogen and phosphorus addition treatments on the overall flowering phenology of alpine plants was mainly to advance the first flowering date and prolong the flowering duration;however,the end flowering day did not change significantly(P>0.05).2)The influence of nitrogen and phosphorus additions on the flowering phenology was consistent with each other.There was no significant interaction between nitrogen and phosphorus addition on the flowering phenology of alpine plants(P>0.05).3)At the species level,most species are characterized by earlier first flowering date and prolonged flowering duration,while the end flowering day showed no consistent trend.Thus,under the continuous intensification of atmospheric nitrogen and phosphorus deposition,the flowering period of the alpine plant community in the study area tends to advance and extend.For different species,although the changes of the first flowering date and flowering duration were relatively consistent,there will be a certain divergence in the response of the end flowering day.

关 键 词：高寒植物 养分添加 物候 始花期 终花期 花期持续时间 

分 类 号：S812[农业科学—草业科学]