黑格尔论考察自然的三种方式——以《自然哲学》“自然的诸种研究方法”部分为中心  

Hegel’s Discussion on Three Methods of Examining Nature-Focusing on the“Various Methods of Studying Nature”in Philosophy of Nature

作　　者：王伟[1] WANG Wei(Institute of Philosophy,Hebei Academy of Social Sciences,Shijiazhuang 050051,China)

机构地区：[1]河北省社会科学院哲学研究所,河北石家庄050051

出　　处：《燕山大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2024年第5期15-20,共6页Journal of Yanshan University:Philosophy and Social Science

基　　金：2023年度河北省社会科学发展研究课题“马克思‘自然界限’思想研究”(20230204051)。

摘　　要：在《自然哲学》“自然的诸种研究方法”部分,黑格尔提到了考察自然的三种方式,即实践方式、理论方式以及作为二者之统一的概念化认知方式。黑格尔指出,考察自然的实践方式立足于有限目的论的立场,只是把自然当做实现自身目的的手段,包含个体性而没有普遍性;考察自然的理论方式则正好相反,主张对自然采取直观的态度,任自然如其所是地呈现自身,包含普遍性而没有个体性。在综合了这两种方式优长的基础上,黑格尔提出了统一二者的概念化认知方式并主张以其考察自然。他认为,作为实践方式和理论方式之统一的概念化认知方式否定了实践方式和理论方式各自的片面性,把个体性和普遍性同时寓于自身之中,因此是考察自然的最高方式。In the“Various Methods of Studying Nature”section of Philosophy of Nature,Hegel discusses three methods of examining nature:the practical method,the theoretical method,and the conceptualized cognition method,which serves as a unification of the first two.Hegel notes that the practical examination of nature is based on a teleological stance that views nature merely as a means to achieve one’s own ends,encompassing individuality without universality.Conversely,the theoretical method advocates for an intuitive approach to nature,allowing nature to present itself as it is,encompassing universality without individuality.Building on the strengths of these two methods,Hegel proposes a conceptual cognition method as a unified approach to examining nature.He argues that this method,as a unification of the practical and theoretical approaches,negates the one-sidedness of each,incorporating both individuality and universality,and thus represents the highest form of examining nature.

关 键 词：黑格尔 自然 实践方式 理论方式 概念化认知方式 

分 类 号：A81[哲学宗教—马克思主义哲学]