中国曼咪人的体质特征  

Physical characteristics of the Manmi people in China

作　　者：张兴华[1] 肖瑶 岩坎翁 玉应香 高雯芳[1] 包金萍[4] 程智[1] 高新颖 姚玥彤 刘鑫 宇克莉[1] ZHANG Xinghua;XIAO Yao;YAN Kanweng;YU Yingxiang;GAO Wenfang;BAO Jinping;CHENG Zhi;GAO Xinying;YAO Yuetong;LIU Xin;YU Keli(College of Life Sciences,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Animal Diversity,Tianjin Normal University,Tianjin 300387;Xishuangbanna National Museum,Jinghong 666100;Jinghong Jiangbei Street Cultural Development Service Center,Jinghong 666100;Institute of Sports Science,Tianjin Normal University,Tianjin 300387)

机构地区：[1]天津师范大学生命科学学院,天津市动物多样性保护与利用重点实验室,天津300387 [2]西双版纳傣族自治州民族博物馆,景洪666100 [3]景洪市江北街道文化发展服务中心,景洪666100 [4]天津师范大学体育科学学院,天津300387

出　　处：《人类学学报》2024年第4期561-573,共13页Acta Anthropologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32071185);天津市科学技术普及项目(23KPHDRC00160)。

摘　　要：研究组在云南省西双版纳测量、调查了曼咪人121例成年人的61项体质指标、20项体质指数与13项观察指标,研究结果显示:曼咪人身高、头长等56项指标值性别间差异具有统计学意义;除女性大腿围大于男性外,其余55项指标值均男性大于女性。曼咪人男女性上眼睑皱褶出现率男性为94.3%,女性为85.3%;蒙古褶率男性为28.3%,女性为33.8%。曼咪人眼外角多高于眼内角,鼻背侧面观以直型为主,耳垂多为圆形。曼咪人男女性均以圆头型、高头型、超阔面型、中鼻型、宽胸型、宽肩型、宽骨盆型出现率最高。与国内族群比较,曼咪人男女体质特征与布朗族、基诺族接近,属于南方族群体质特征。与国外族群比较,曼咪人男性头面部特征与泰国人最为接近,女性则与越南人最为接近。A survey was conducted on 61 physical parameters,20 body indices and 13 somatoscopic characteristics of 121 Manmi adults(53 males and 68 females)in Xishuangbanna,Yunnan Province.The results are as follows:The gender differences are statistically significant in 56 physical parameters such as stature,mass and head length.Except for the fact that the thigh circumference is greater in females than in males,the remaining 55 physical parameters are all greater in males than in females.There are statistically significant gender differences in the thickness of lips,opening height of eyeslits,nasal root height,nasal profile and hair occurrence rate of Manmi.Manmi mainly have lissotrichous,with 94.3%of males and 85.3%of females having eyefold of upper eyelid.Male mongoloid folds account for 28.3%,while female mongoloid folds account for 33.8%.The opening height of eyeslits is mainly medium,with the external angle of the eye being mostly higher than the internal angle.The nasal root height is mainly medium,and when the nasal profile is mainly straight.The nasal base is mostly upturned,and the maximal diameter of nostrils is mainly oblique.The lobe types are mostly round,the chin is mostly straight,and the upper lip height is mainly medium.The physiognomic facial index,morphological facial index,transverse cephalo-fcaial index,vertical cephalo-fcaial index,manouvrier's skelic index and stature-shoulder breadth index of Manmi have statistically significant differences between genders,with male index values higher than females.The length-height index of head,stature-sitting height index,stature-crista iliaca index,stature-height of suprasteral notch above sitting plane index and acromio-cristal index of Manmi also have statistically significant differences between genders,with male index values being lower than females.According to the occurrence rate of index classification,Manmi adults have brachycephaly,hypsicephalic,hypereuryprosopy,mesorrhiny,wide chest,wide shoulder and wide crista iliaca.Compared with domestic ethnic gr

关 键 词：曼咪人 活体测量 头面部 体质特征 聚类分析 

分 类 号：K871[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]