无人机喷施叶面肥对小麦产量及经济效益的影响  

Effects of Spraying Foliar Fertilizers by UAV on Wheat Yield and Economic Benefit

作　　者：韩猛 刘树艳 姚坤鹏 李刚 秦晶 冯希省 HAN Meng;LIU Shuyan;YAO Kunpeng;LI Gang;QIN Jing;FENG Xisheng(Rural Revitalization Service Center in Shizhong District,Zaozhuang City,Zaozhuang Shandong 277100;College of Agronomy,Qingdao Agricultural University/Shandong Key Laboratory of Dryland Farming Technology/Shandong Engineering Research Center of Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Salt-tolerant Crops,Qingdao Shandong 266109;Agricultural Comprehensive Administrative Law Enforcement Brigade in Shizhong District of Zaozhuang City,Zaozhuang Shandong 277100)

机构地区：[1]枣庄市市中区乡村振兴服务中心,山东枣庄277100 [2]青岛农业大学农学院/山东省旱作技术重点实验室/山东省耐盐作物种质创新与利用工程技术研究中心,山东青岛266109 [3]枣庄市市中区农业综合行政执法大队,山东枣庄277100

出　　处：《现代农业科技》2024年第19期8-11,共4页Modern Agricultural Science and Technology

基　　金：枣庄市科技创新智库课题研究项目(ZZKC2023032);青岛农业大学2023年省部级大学生创新训练项目“小麦转录因子TaNAC34的耐盐性功能鉴定及其生理生化机制分析”(S202310435267)。

摘　　要：小麦是我国最重要的粮食作物之一,其高产稳产在保障国家粮食安全中具有举足轻重的地位。基于此,在基肥减施5%的基础上,设置不同叶面肥喷施处理,研究无人机喷施叶面肥对小麦产量及经济效益的影响。结果表明,基肥施复合肥712.5 kg/hm^(2)、追肥喷施2次含氨基酸水溶肥750 mL/hm^(2)(T_(1)),基肥施复合肥712.5 kg/hm^(2)、追肥喷施2次海藻有机水溶肥1 200 mL/hm^(2)(T_(2)),基肥施复合肥712.5 kg/hm^(2)、追肥喷施2次磷酸二氢钾750 g/hm^(2)(T3)的千粒重较基肥施复合肥750 kg/hm^(2)(CK)分别显著提高4.53%、4.72%、3.89%,折合产量分别显著提高3.77%、4.51%、3.76%,净增值分别为580.11、762.30、651.21元/hm^(2);基肥施复合肥712.5 kg/hm^(2)、追肥喷施2次含氨基酸水溶肥750 mL/hm^(2)+海藻有机水溶肥1 200 mL/hm^(2)+磷酸二氢钾750 g/hm^(2)(T4)较基肥施复合肥750 kg/hm^(2)(CK)显著提高了穗粒数(3.69%)和千粒重(4.80%),并最终使产量显著提高7.97%,净增值达1 292.67元/hm^(2)。综上,在基肥减少5%用量的情况下,3种叶面肥单施均能显著提高小麦产量水平并能增加经济效益,3种叶面肥配施增产效果好且经济效益高。Wheat is one of the most important grain crops in China,and its high and stable yield plays a pivotal role in ensuring national food security.Based on this,on the basis of reducing the application of base fertilizer by 5%,different foliar fertilizer spraying treatments were set up to study the effect of spraying foliar fertilizers by UAV on wheat yield and economic benefits.The results showed that the 1000-seed weight of the treatments of applying 712.5 kg/hm^(2) of compound fertilizer as base fertilizer and spraying 750 mL/hm^(2) of amino acid-containing water-soluble fertilizer twice as topdressing(T1),applying 712.5 kg/hm^(2) of compound fertilizer as base fertilizer and spraying 1200 mL/hm^(2) of seaweed organic water-soluble fertilizer twice as topdressing(T2),and applying 712.5 kg/hm2 of compound fertilizer as base fertilizer and spraying 750 g/hm^(2) of potassium dihydrogen phosphate twice as topdressing(T3)were significantly higher than that of applying 750 kg/hm^(2) of compound fertilizer as base fertilizer(CK),with an increase of 4.53%,4.72%and 3.89%respectively;the converted yield significantly increased by 3.77%,4.51%,and 3.76%respectively;the net value increased by 580.11,762.30,651.21 yuan/hm^(2) respectively.Compared with applying 750 kg/hm^(2) of compound fertilizer as base fertilizer(CK),the treatment of applying 712.5 kg/hm^(2) of compound fertilizer as base fertilizer and spraying twice 750 mL/hm^(2) of amino acid water-soluble fertilizer+1200 mL/hm^(2) of seaweed organic water-soluble fertilizer+750 g/hm^(2) of potassium dihydrogen phosphate containing as topdressing(T4)significantly increased the number of grains per spike(3.69%)and the 1000-grain weight(4.80%),and ultimately significantly increased the yield by 7.97%,with a net value increase of 1292.67 yuan/hm^(2).In summary,when the base fertilizer was reduced by 5%,the application of all three foliar fertilizers could significantly increase the yield level of wheat and increase economic benefits.The combination of the three foliar fertili

关 键 词：小麦 无人机喷施 叶面肥 产量 经济效益 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学] S147.5