大规模低轨卫星互联网传输层关键技术研究与展望  

Research and Prospects of Key Technologies on Transport Layer for Large-Scale LEO Satellite Networks

作　　者：张孟旸 马婷 刘晓宇 张子天 周海波 ZHANG Mengyang;MA Ting;LIU Xiaoyu;ZHANG Zitian;ZHOU Haibo(School of Electronic Science and Engineering,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210023,China;School of Electronic and Optical Engineering,Nanjing University of Science and Technology,Nanjing 210094,China;School of Information and Electronic Engineering,Zhejiang Gongshang University,Hangzhou 310018,China)

机构地区：[1]南京大学电子科学与工程学院,江苏南京210023 [2]南京理工大学电子工程与光电技术学院,江苏南京210094 [3]浙江工商大学信息与电子工程学院,浙江杭州310018

出　　处：《移动通信》2024年第9期40-49,共10页Mobile Communications

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助项目“面向天地一体化大规模星座超密组网系统设计及性能评估技术”(2020YFB1806104);华为联合创新横向项目“大规模高动态卫星组网协议研究与验证技术”。

摘　　要：随着卫星技术的发展,低轨卫星网络因其低成本、高容量、低时延等优势正在被越来越多的组织采用,如One Web、Space X等。低轨卫星网络不仅能够提供全覆盖的服务,甚至还能在超远距离数据传输中实现比地面网络更低的延迟。随着卫星星座技术的逐渐成熟,大规模低轨卫星互联网有望为全球用户提供无缝高速互联网接入。在大规模低轨卫星互联网中,传输层协议对于提供高可靠、低延迟的通信服务至关重要。然而,大规模低轨卫星网络的高误码率、星地切换以及频繁的网络拓扑变化等特点,使得传统地面网络传输协议难以满足大规模卫星互联网服务质量要求。因此,开发适用于大规模低轨卫星互联网的新型传输协议机制势在必行。针对大规模低轨卫星互联网新特征与传输服务需求,从传输层协议、拥塞控制算法、传输层编码技术以及多路径传输协议等多个方面,探讨了大规模低轨卫星网络下传输层关键技术发展,分析了当前大规模低轨卫星互联网传输服务面临的主要挑战。将为大规模低轨卫星互联网传输层关键技术的研究提供一定的发展思路与技术参考。With the development of satellite technology,Low-Earth Orbit(LEO)satellite networks are being increasingly adopted by various organizations,such as One Web and Space X,due to their advantages of low cost,high capacity and low latency.The LEO satellite networks not only can provide global coverage,but also can achieve lower latency in ultra-long-distance data transmission compared to terrestrial networks.As the satellite constellation technology matures,large-scale LEO satellite networks are expected to provide seamless high-speed Internet access for global users.In the large-scale LEO satellite networks,the transport layer protocol is crucial for providing highly reliable and low-latency communication services.However,the characteristics of large-scale LEO satellite networks,such as high error rate,frequent satellite-ground handovers,and dynamic network topology changes,make it difficult for traditional terrestrial network transport protocols to meet the quality of service requirements for large-scale LEO satellite networks.Therefore,it is imperative to develop new transport protocol mechanisms suitable for large-scale LEO satellite networks.In this paper,we explore the development and challenges of key transport layer technologies for large-scale LEO satellite networks,covering aspects such as transport layer protocols,congestion control algorithms,coding techniques and multipath transport protocols in response to new characteristics and transmission services requirements in large-scale LEO satellite networks.It analyzes the main challenges for transmission services in large-scale LEO satellite networks.This paper is to provide development ideas and technical references for the researches of key transport layer technologies in large-scale LEO satellite internet.

关 键 词：大规模低轨卫星网络 传输层协议 拥塞控制 多路径 

分 类 号：TN929.5[电子电信—通信与信息系统]