中国西南地区寒潮避风港现象与气候康养资源分析  

An Analysis of Cold Wave Shelter Phenomena and Climate-based Health&Wellness Resources in Southwest China

作　　者：王式功 李河利 雷应朝[2] 尹立[3] 刘琦 李景鑫[5] WANG Shigong;LI Heli;LEI Yingchao;YIN Li;LIU Qi;LI Jingxin(School of Atmospheric Sciences/Institute of Environmental Meteorology and Health,Chengdu University of Information Technology,Chengdu 610225,Sichuan;Panzhihua University,Panzhihua 617000,Sichuan,China;Meteorological Medicine Research Center,Panzhihua Central Hospital,Panzhihua 617000,Sichuan;Panzhihua Meteorological Bureau,Panzhihua 617099,Sichuan;State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather/Institute of Tibetan Plateau Meteorology,Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences,Beijing 100081)

机构地区：[1]成都信息工程大学大气科学学院/环境气象与健康研究院,四川成都610225 [2]攀枝花学院,四川攀枝花617000 [3]攀枝花市中心医院气象医学研究中心,四川攀枝花617000 [4]攀枝花市气象局,四川攀枝花617099 [5]中国气象科学研究院灾害天气国家重点实验室/青藏高原气象研究院,北京100081

出　　处：《攀枝花学院学报》2024年第5期12-19,共8页Journal of Panzhihua University

基　　金：科技部重大研究计划专项--第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究项目(2019QZKK0103);攀枝花市气象医学医工结合与应用转化创新团队建设项目(2023ZD-C-1);2024年度中国气象局气候变化专题项目(QBZ202405);中国气象局西南区域气象中心创新团队(XNQYCXTD-202203)共同资助

摘　　要：近年来,受全球气候变化大背景的影响,寒潮等极端天气气候事件的发生频次或强度不断增加,加之国家应对人口老龄化各项政策的逐步落实,越来越多的北方老年候鸟人群冬季到我国华南和西南地区进行避寒旅居康养;随着国家全民大健康战略实施力度的加大,此热潮方兴未艾。因此,有针对性地探究我国境内的寒潮避风港现象,既是大气科学的重要科学问题,又是避寒康养的现实需求,具有重要科学价值和民生意义。基于此,本文初步梳理了2022年11月至2023年12月中旬期间,影响我国大范围地区的数次寒潮或强冷空气活动天气过程,东西部比较后,率先发现我国西南地区、特别是川南滇北交汇区具有“寒潮避风港”现象,尤其是攀枝花地区在寒潮天气过程中能够保持气温相对稳定,日均气温变化幅度较小;与周边其他城市相比较,大部分情况下攀枝花地区的气温波动最小,变化幅度也最小。据此本文做了一点成因方面的粗浅探究,初步分析了其避寒康养气候等资源优势与挖掘潜力,其深层次的成因及其避寒康养效应与价值更值得后续深入研究。In recent years,under the overarching influence of global climate change,the frequency and intensity of extreme weather events such as cold waves have been on the rise.Concurrently,the gradual implementation of national policies addressing population aging has led to an increasing number of elderly population migrating from northern China to enjoy the warm winter climate in southern and southwestern China for both health and leisure purposes.With the further implementation of the national health strategy,this trend is burgeoning.Therefore,a targeted investigation into the cold wave shelter phenomenon within China is not only a significant scientific issue in atmospheric sciences but also a practical need for health-based tourism,holding substantial scientific and societal value.Based on this,the study preliminarily reviews several instances of cold waves or strong cold air events affecting large regions of China from November 2022 to mid-December 2023.Comparative analysis between the eastern and western regions revealed for the first time that southwest China,particularly the junction area between southern Sichuan and northern Yunnan,exhibits a“cold wave shelter”phenomenon,especially in Panzhihua,where temperatures remain relatively stable with minimal daily fluctuations during cold wave events.Compared to other surrounding cities,Panzhihua consistently shows the least temperature variation.This paper offers a preliminary exploration of the causes,analyzes the advantages and potential of its climate-based health resources,and suggests that the underlying causes and health benefits warrant further in-depth research.

关 键 词：寒潮天气过程 寒潮避风港 川南滇北地区 避寒康养 气候资源 

分 类 号：P458.122[天文地球—大气科学及气象学] P46