央地关系视角下的地方政府参与领事保护的内在逻辑  

The Intrinsic Logic of Local Government Involvement in Consular Protection from the Perspective of Central-Local Relations

作　　者：吴昊[1] WU Hao(School of International Policing and Law Enforcement,People’s Public Security University of China,Beijing 100038)

机构地区：[1]中国人民公安大学涉外警务学院,北京100038

出　　处：《攀枝花学院学报》2024年第5期68-75,共8页Journal of Panzhihua University

基　　金：江西省社会科学“十四五”(2022年)基金项目“江西康养旅游高质量发展路径与对策研究”(22WT14)。

摘　　要：随着海外利益保护实践形成多元化多层次的共同体范式,领事保护服务职能也在决策执行过程中发生分解,保护责任由中央向地方分担,领事保护事权划分形成了中央委托地方代理的运行样态。地方政府参与领事保护的内涵不断丰富,而现有研究对领事保护工作机制运行中问题及对策挖掘不足。借助委托代理理论进行学理探究发现当前各地政府参与领事保护存在规范缺失导致工作缺乏统一标准;央地效用目标冲突增加额外成本;地方政府机会主义行为破坏服务职能公平等现实困境。基于央地关系视角,化解上述困境需要激发地方双重代理优势促进问责机制优化;央地合作促进政策内容清晰化和组织制度规范化;优化行政事权划分促进地方领事保护协助服务均等化。With the diversification and multilayered community paradigm emerging in the practice of overseas interests protection,the functions of consular protection service have undergone segmentation in the process of decision-making and execution.The responsibility for protection has been redistributed from the central government to local governments,creating an operational model where the central government entrusts local agencies with consular protection duties.The involvement of local governments in consular protection has been increasingly strengthened.However,existing researches indicate insufficient exploration were conducted regarding issues and countermeasures in the operation mechanism of consular protection.Employing the Principal-Agent Theory for academic investigation,it is revealed that currently the participation of local governments in consular protection faces practical dilemmas such as absence of normative standards resulting in inconsistent practices;conflicts in utility objectives between central and local governments resulting in additional costs;and opportunistic behaviors of local governments undermining the fairness of service functions.From the perspective of central-local relations,getting out of these dilemmas requires leveraging the dual-agent advantages of local governments to enhance accountability mechanisms;fostering central-local cooperation to clarify policy content and standardize organizational systems;and optimizing the allocation of administrative authority to promote the equalization of local consular protection assistance services.

关 键 词：领事保护 委托代理理论 海外公民安全 地方政府 海外利益保护 

分 类 号：D631.4[政治法律—政治学] D827[政治法律—中外政治制度]