钒氧化还原液流电池电解液研究进展  

Research Progress on Vanadium Redox Flow Battery Electrolyte

作　　者：王力霞 WANG Lixia(Sichuan Vanadium-Titanium Materials Engineering Technology Research Center,Panzhihua University,Panzhihua 61700,Sichuan)

机构地区：[1]攀枝花学院四川省钒钛材料工程技术研究中心,四川攀枝花617000

出　　处：《攀枝花学院学报》2024年第5期76-82,共7页Journal of Panzhihua University

基　　金：四川省钒钛材料工程技术研究中心开放项目“二氧化钛基磁性纳米复合材料制备及光催化性能研究”(2023FTGC10);攀枝花学院博士启动基金资助项目“磁性金属有机骨架材料制备及应用研究”(035200335)。

摘　　要：钒氧化还原液流电池(VRFB,简称钒电池)作为一种有前景的大规模储能形式受到了广泛关注。钒电池电解液是钒电池的关键材料,电解液的体积和浓度决定了钒电池的储能容量。钒电池储能系统钒电解液成本占比最高。本文综述了H_(2)SO_(4)-HCl、H_(2)SO_(4)-H_(3)PO_(4)、H_(2)SO_(4)-CH_(3)SO_(3)H等混合酸用作支撑钒电解液体系及VRFB电解液性能的研究进展,并重点指出了各电解液的特性及存在的问题。混合酸体系可以扩大VRFB的使用温度范围、提高钒浓度和体系的稳定性。在相同的温度和电流密度下,H_(2)SO_(4)-HCl体系具有最高的能量密度和能量效率。H_(2)SO_(4)-CH_(3)SO_(3)H体系改善了钒的氧化还原反应动力学,但增加了系统成本。钒在H_(2)SO_(4)-H_(3)PO_(4)体系中氧化还原反应的电子转移部分大大加快,H_(3)PO_(4)的加入的阻止了沉淀的形成。Vanadium redox flow batteries(VRFBs),commonly referred to as vanadium batteries,have garnered significant attention as a promising form of large-scale energy storage.The vanadium electrolyte is the critical material for VRFBs,with its volume and concentration determining the storage capacity of the battery.The cost of vanadium electrolyte constitutes the highest proportion of the VRFB energy storage system.This paper reviews the research progress on mixed acid systems,such as H_(2)SO_(4)-HCl,H_(2)SO_(4)-H 3PO 4 and H_(2)SO_(4)-CH_(3)SO_(3)H,in order to support the research progress of vanadium electrolytes system and their performance in VRFBs,besides it focuses on identifying the characteristics and existent problems of those electrolytes.Mixed acid systems are capable of expanding the operating temperature range of VRFBs,increasing vanadium concentration,and improving system stability.Among these,the H_(2)SO_(4)-CH_(3)SO_(3)H system exhibits the highest energy density and efficiency at the same temperature and current density.The H_(2)SO_(4)-CH_(3)SO_(3)H system enhances the kinetics of the vanadium redox reactions but increases system costs.The electron transfer rate of the redox reactions in the H_(2)SO_(4)-H_(3)PO_(4)system is significantly accelerated,and the addition of H_(3)PO_(4)prevents precipitation formation.

关 键 词：钒氧化还原液流电池 混合酸支撑电解液 储能设备 电化学性能 

分 类 号：O646.1[理学—物理化学] TM912[理学—化学]