非自杀性自伤者的心理困境及临床干预思路  

Psychological Dilemmas and Clinical Intervention Approaches for Non-Suicidal Self-Injury

作　　者：钟流霞 代俊[1] ZHONG Liuxia;DAI Jun(Mental Health Education Center of Panzhihua University,Panzhihua 617000,Sichuan)

机构地区：[1]攀枝花学院心理健康教育中心,四川攀枝花617000

出　　处：《攀枝花学院学报》2024年第5期103-111,共9页Journal of Panzhihua University

基　　金：2024年度四川旅游学院四川省铸牢中华民族共同体意识研究基地重点项目“民族节庆在铸牢中华民族共同体意识宣传教育中的典型经验研究”(SC2024Z005)。

摘　　要：非自杀性自伤(non-suicidal self-injury,NSSI)是一个日益严重的公共卫生问题,在青少年和成年早期群体中最为常见,临床心理咨询中伴随NSSI症状的患者也越来越多。NSSI者面临的困境可概括为四个方面:自我被涵容的失败,表达失能的述情障碍,不能忍受人际冲突和矛盾,应对方式的僵化。相应的临床干预思路包括:以共情和稳定的陪伴提供“涵容”的氛围,鼓励并协助当事人学习情感表达,提升忍受人际冲突的钝感力等几个方面。深刻地理解NSSI者面临的具体心理困境是临床干预的起点,打破NSSI惯性,逐步地帮助来访者建立新的应对方式和健康行为来替代NSSI行为,有助于消除来访者的心理困境并最终获得疗愈。Non-suicidal self-injury(NSSI)is an increasingly serious public health issue,pretty common among adolescents and early adults.The number of patients exhibiting NSSI symptoms in clinical psychological consultations is also on the rise.The dilemmas faced by individuals with NSSI can be summarized into four categories:failure of self-containment,alexithymia characterized by the inability to express emotions,inability to endure interpersonal conflicts,and rigidity in coping strategies.Corresponding clinical intervention approaches include providing an empathetic and stable companionship for the establishment of“containment”,encouraging and assisting individuals in learning emotional expression,and enhancing their tolerance for interpersonal conflicts.A profound understanding of the specific psychological dilemmas faced by NSSI individuals is the starting point for clinical intervention.Breaking the inertia of NSSI and gradually helping them establish new coping strategies and healthy behaviors to replace NSSI can alleviate their psychological dilemmas and ultimately recover to normal state.

关 键 词：非自杀性自伤 心理干预 自我涵容 述情障碍 人际冲突 钝感力 

分 类 号：R473.74[医药卫生—护理学] B84[医药卫生—临床医学]